The Angiopoietin-2 and TIE Pathway as a Therapeutic Target for Enhancing Antiangiogenic Therapy and Immunotherapy in Patients with Advanced Cancer
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Angiopoietin/TIE Signaling in Tumor Growth and Metastasis
2.1. Current Mechanistic Understanding of Angiopoietin/TIE Signaling
2.2. The Role of ANG2 in Tumor Growth and Metastasis
3. Improving Resistance to VEGF Signaling-Targeted Therapy by ANG2 Inhibition
4. Enhancing Cancer Immunotherapy by Targeting ANG2
4.1. Improving Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors by ANG2 Inhibition
4.2. ANG2 as a Potential Biomarker for Therapy With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Clinicaltrials.gov ID | ANG Blockade | Combination Treatment | Tumor Type | Phase and Status | Competitor Arm |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Combined with Immunotherapies | |||||
NCT03239145 | Trebananib (ANG1 and ANG2) | Pembrolizumab (PD-1) | Melanoma, RCC, ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer | Phase 1: recruiting | |
NCT01688206 | Vanucizumab (VEGF-A and ANG2) | Atezolizumab (PD-L1) | Solid tumors | Phase 1: completed | |
NCT02665416 | Vanucizumab | Selicrelumab (CD40) | Solid tumors | Phase 1: completed | Bevacizumab + Selicrelumab |
NCT02141542 | MEDI3617 (ANG2) | Tremelimumab (CTLA-4) | Metastatic melanoma | Phase 1: active, not recruiting | |
Combined with anti-VEGF/VEGFR2 drugs | |||||
NCT01688960 | Nesvacumab (ANG2) | Aflibercept (VEGF, VEGF-B, and PIGF) | Solid tumors | Phase 1: completed | |
NCT01664182 | Trebananib | Bevacizumab (VEGF-A) | Advanced renal cell carcinoma | Phase 2: active, not recruiting | Trebananib + Pazopanib Hydrochloride; Trebananib + Sorafenib Tosylate; Trebananib + Sunitinib Malate |
NCT01609790 | Trebananib | Bevacizumab | Glioma | Phase 2: active, not recruiting | |
NCT01290263 | Trebananib | Bevacizumab | Glioblastoma | Phase 1 and Phase 2: completed | |
NCT01249521 | Trebananib | Bevacizumab | Metastatic colorectal cancer | Phase 2 | |
NCT02597036 | LY3127804 (ANG2) | Ramucirumab (VEGFR2) | Solid tumors | Phase 1: active, not recruiting | LY3127804 + Ramucirumab + Paclitaxel |
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Leong, A.; Kim, M. The Angiopoietin-2 and TIE Pathway as a Therapeutic Target for Enhancing Antiangiogenic Therapy and Immunotherapy in Patients with Advanced Cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 8689. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21228689
Leong A, Kim M. The Angiopoietin-2 and TIE Pathway as a Therapeutic Target for Enhancing Antiangiogenic Therapy and Immunotherapy in Patients with Advanced Cancer. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(22):8689. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21228689
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeong, Alessandra, and Minah Kim. 2020. "The Angiopoietin-2 and TIE Pathway as a Therapeutic Target for Enhancing Antiangiogenic Therapy and Immunotherapy in Patients with Advanced Cancer" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 22: 8689. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21228689