Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Parkinson Disease
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Pathophysiology
3. Animal Models of PD
3.1. Neurotoxin-Induced PD Models
3.2. Transgenic PD Models
4. Treatments
5. Stem Cell-Based Treatments
5.1. Fetal Ventral Mesencephalon Tissue
5.2. MSCs
5.3. Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neuron Progenitor Cells
5.4. Advantages and Disadvantages of iPSC-Based Therapy
6. Future Prospects
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Target | Action | Agent (Country) | Trial Phase | Clinical Trial Identifier | Year for Starting | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Human neural stem cells | Human fetal neural stem cell injection delivered nasally | Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University (China) | Phase 2/3 | NCT03128450 | 2017 | Unknown |
Human parthenogenetic neural stem cells injected intracerebrally to the striatum and substantia nigra | Cyto Therapeutics Pty Limited (Australia) | Phase 1 | NCT02452723 | 2015 | Active, not recruiting | |
Differentiated neurons derived from adult central nervous system progenitor cells transplanted in patients. Stereotactic delivery of cell suspension into basal ganglia structures | NeuroGeneration | Phase 1/2 | NCT03309514 | 2017 | Not yet recruiting | |
Mesenchymal stem cells | Umbilical cord-derived MSC from mesoderm possesses strong proliferation ability and multiple differentiation potentials, delivered by intravenous infusion to patients with PD | Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command (China) | Phase 1 | NCT03550183 | 2018 | Enrolling by invitation |
Allogenic umbilical cord-derived stem cells injected intravenously to enrolled patients with PD | University of Jordan (Jordan) | Phase 1/2 | NCT03684122 | 2018 | Recruiting | |
Phase IIa double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial | The University of Texas Health Science Center (USA) | Phase 2 | NCT04506073 | 2020 | Not yet recruiting | |
Human stem cells (OK99) | Implantation of Celavie human stem cells (OK99) to address the underlying pathology of the disease by replacing damaged/destroyed cells of the brain and stimulating the patient’s brain to repair itself | Celavie Bioscences, LLC (Mexico) | Phase 1 | NCT02780895 | 2016 | Unknown |
Human amniotic epithelial stem Cells (hAESCs) | Stereotactic transplantation of hAESCs into the lateral ventricle | Shanghai East Hospital (China) | Early Phase 1 | NCT04414813 | 2020 | Not yet recruiting |
Human embryonic stem cells | Transplantation of human embryonic stem cell-derived neural precursor cells into the striatum. | Chinese Academy of Sciences (China) | Phase 1/2 | NCT03119636 | 2017 | Recruiting |
Induced pluripotent stem cells | Develop human-induced pluripotent stem cells from cell cultures taken from skin biopsies or patients’ hair | Hadassah Medical Organization (Israel) | Not Applicable | NCT00874783 | 2009 | Recruiting |
Total dose of iPSC-derived neural stem cells administered on day 0 | Allife Medical Science and Technology Co. Ltd. (China) | Early Phase 1 | NCT03815071 | 2019 | Not yet recruiting | |
Bone marrow–derived stem cells | Isolation of autologous bone marrow-derived stem cells and transfer to the vascular system and interior third of the nasal passages | MD Stem Cells (USA) | Not Applicable | NCT02795052 | 2016 | Terminated |
Autologous bone marrow-derived stem cells stereotactically transplanted into the patient’s striatum | Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre (India) | Not Applicable | NCT00976430 | 2009 | Recruiting | |
Allogeneic bone marrow-derived MSCs delivered intravenously | The University of Texas Health Science Center (USA) | Phase 1/2 | NCT02611167 | 2015 | Completed |
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Liu, Z.; Cheung, H.-H. Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Parkinson Disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 8060. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218060
Liu Z, Cheung H-H. Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Parkinson Disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(21):8060. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218060
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Zhaohui, and Hoi-Hung Cheung. 2020. "Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Parkinson Disease" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 21: 8060. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218060