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Volume 21
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Article

Printed Graphene Layer as a Base for Cell Electrostimulation—Preliminary Results

by
Lucja Dybowska-Sarapuk
1,*,
Weronika Sosnowicz
1,
Jakub Krzeminski
1,2,
Anna Grzeczkowicz
3,
Ludomira H. Granicka
3,
Andrzej Kotela
4 and
Malgorzata Jakubowska
1,2
1
Faculty of Mechatronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Andrzeja Boboli 8, 02-525 Warsaw, Poland
2
Centre for Advanced Materials and Technologies CEZAMAT, Poleczki 19, 02-822 Warsaw, Poland
3
The Maciej Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ksiecia Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
4
Faculty of Medicine. Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Dewajtis 5, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(21), 7865; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21217865
Submission received: 9 October 2020 / Revised: 19 October 2020 / Accepted: 21 October 2020 / Published: 23 October 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbon-Based Nanomaterials 2.0)
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Abstract

Nerve regeneration through cell electrostimulation will become a key finding in regenerative medicine. The procedure will provide a wide range of applications, especially in body reconstruction, artificial organs or nerve prostheses. Other than in the case of the conventional polystyrene substrates, the application of the current flow in the cell substrate stimulates the cell growth and mobility, supports the synaptogenesis, and increases the average length of neuron nerve fibres. The indirect electrical cell stimulation requires a non-toxic, highly electrically conductive substrate material enabling a precise and effective cell electrostimulation. The process can be successfully performed with the use of the graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)—the structures of high conductivity and biocompatible with mammalian NE-4C neural stem cells used in the study. One of the complications with the production of inks using GNPs is their agglomeration, which significantly hampers the quality of the produced coatings. Therefore, the selection of the proper amount of the surfactant is paramount to achieve a high-quality substrate. The article presents the results of the research into the material manufacturing used in the cell electrostimulation. The outcomes allow for the establishment of the proper amount of the surfactant to achieve both high conductivity and quality of the coating, which could be used not only in electronics, but also—due to its biocompatibility—fruitfully applied to the cell electrostimulation.
Keywords: graphene nanoplatelets; surfactants; cell electrostimulation; tissue engineering graphene nanoplatelets; surfactants; cell electrostimulation; tissue engineering
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MDPI and ACS Style

Dybowska-Sarapuk, L.; Sosnowicz, W.; Krzeminski, J.; Grzeczkowicz, A.; Granicka, L.H.; Kotela, A.; Jakubowska, M. Printed Graphene Layer as a Base for Cell Electrostimulation—Preliminary Results. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 7865. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21217865

AMA Style

Dybowska-Sarapuk L, Sosnowicz W, Krzeminski J, Grzeczkowicz A, Granicka LH, Kotela A, Jakubowska M. Printed Graphene Layer as a Base for Cell Electrostimulation—Preliminary Results. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(21):7865. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21217865

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dybowska-Sarapuk, Lucja, Weronika Sosnowicz, Jakub Krzeminski, Anna Grzeczkowicz, Ludomira H. Granicka, Andrzej Kotela, and Malgorzata Jakubowska. 2020. "Printed Graphene Layer as a Base for Cell Electrostimulation—Preliminary Results" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 21: 7865. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21217865

APA Style

Dybowska-Sarapuk, L., Sosnowicz, W., Krzeminski, J., Grzeczkowicz, A., Granicka, L. H., Kotela, A., & Jakubowska, M. (2020). Printed Graphene Layer as a Base for Cell Electrostimulation—Preliminary Results. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(21), 7865. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21217865

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