Metallothionein 3 Is a Hypoxia-Upregulated Oncogene Enhancing Cell Invasion and Tumorigenesis in Human Bladder Carcinoma Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Arsenic and Hypoxia Upregulate Metallothionein 3 (MT3) Expression in Bladder Carcinoma Cells
2.2. Effects of Ectopic Overexpression of MT3 on Proliferation and Invasion of Bladder Carcinoma HT1376 Cells
2.3. Ectopic Overexpression MT3 Modulates N-myc Downstream Regulated Gene 1 (NDRG1), NDRG2, NDRG3, and MASPIN Gene Expressions in Bladder Carcinoma HT1376 Cells
2.4. Effect of MT3-Knockdown on Proliferation and Invasion of Bladder Carcinoma TSGH-8301 Cells
2.5. Effect of Overexpression of MT3 on Proliferation and Invasion of Bladder Carcinoma T24 Cells
2.6. Overexpression of MT3 Downregulates NDRG1, NDRG2, and MASPIN Gene Expressions in Bladder Carcinoma T24 Cells
2.7. Effects of Ectopic Overexpression of MT3 on Tumorigenesis of Bladder Carcinoma T24 cells
2.8. MT3 Modulates Cell Apoptosis Induced by As2O3 in Bladder Carcinoma Cells
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Cell Cultures and Chemicals
4.2. Knock-down MT3 and HIF-2α
4.3. Expression Vectors and Stable Transfection
4.4. Immunoblot Assays
4.5. Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR)
4.6. [3H]thymidine Incorporation Assay
4.7. Matrigel Invasion Assay
4.8. Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Detection
4.9. Reporter Vector Constructs and Reporter Assay
4.10. Tumor Xenograft Study
4.11. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Tsui, K.-H.; Hou, C.-P.; Chang, K.-S.; Lin, Y.-H.; Feng, T.-H.; Chen, C.-C.; Shin, Y.-S.; Juang, H.-H. Metallothionein 3 Is a Hypoxia-Upregulated Oncogene Enhancing Cell Invasion and Tumorigenesis in Human Bladder Carcinoma Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 980. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20040980
Tsui K-H, Hou C-P, Chang K-S, Lin Y-H, Feng T-H, Chen C-C, Shin Y-S, Juang H-H. Metallothionein 3 Is a Hypoxia-Upregulated Oncogene Enhancing Cell Invasion and Tumorigenesis in Human Bladder Carcinoma Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(4):980. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20040980
Chicago/Turabian StyleTsui, Ke-Hung, Chen-Pang Hou, Kang-Shuo Chang, Yu-Hsiang Lin, Tsui-Hsia Feng, Chiu-Chun Chen, Yi-Syuan Shin, and Horng-Heng Juang. 2019. "Metallothionein 3 Is a Hypoxia-Upregulated Oncogene Enhancing Cell Invasion and Tumorigenesis in Human Bladder Carcinoma Cells" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 4: 980. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20040980