Identification of an Interferon-Stimulated Long Noncoding RNA (LncRNA ISR) Involved in Regulation of Influenza A Virus Replication
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. IAV Infection Markedly Induces Mouse lncrna ISR Expression In Vivo and In Vitro
2.2. Human lncRNA ISR Can be Induced by Several Virus Infections
2.3. LncRNA ISR Suppresses IAV Replication
2.4. RIG-I-Dependent Signaling Regulates IAV-Induced lncRNA ISR Expression
2.5. LncRNA ISR is Identified as an Interferon-Stimulated Gene
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Viruses and Cells
4.2. Mice
4.3. Ethics Statement
4.4. Reverse-Transcription PCR and Quantitative PCR
4.5. Hemagglutination Assay
4.6. Plaque Assay
4.7. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
A549 | Human lung epithelial cells |
BAHCC1 | BAH domain and coiled-coil containing 1 |
CA04 | A/California/04/2009 |
C57BL/6 | C57 black 6 |
DMSO | Dimethyl sulfoxide |
DMEM | Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium |
EV | Empty vector |
GFP | Green fluorescent protein |
H-lncRNA | Human Interferon-stimulated lncRNA |
ISR | Interferon-stimulated lncRNA |
hpi | Hours post infection |
HSV | Herpes simplex virus |
HA | Hemagglutination assay |
HCV | Hepatitis C virus |
ISR | Interferon-stimulated lncRNA |
IFN-β | Interferon beta |
IL-8 | Interleukin-8 |
ISGs | Interferon-stimulated genes |
ISG15 | Interferon-stimulated gene 15 |
IRFs | Interferon regulatory factors |
JAK-STAT | Janus Kinase- signal transducer and activator of transcription |
M-lncRNA I | Mouse Interferon-stimulated lncRNA |
MDA5 | Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 |
MIR155HG | miR-155 host gene |
MOI | Multiplicity of infection |
NIH/3T3 | Mouse embryonic fibroblasts |
NP | Nucleoprotein |
NS1 | Non-structural protein 1 |
NF-κB | Nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells |
NEAT1 | Nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 |
OAS2 | Human 2’-5’-oligoadenylate synthetase 2 |
PAAN | PA-associated noncoding RNA |
pfu | Plaque forming unit |
PR8 | A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 |
PRV | Pseudorabies virus |
Poly (I:C) | Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid |
PRRs | Pattern recognition receptors |
PBS | Phosphate-buffered saline |
qRT-PCR | Quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction |
RIG-I | Retinoic acid-inducible gene I |
RAW264.7 | Mouse Abelson murine leukemia virus transformed macrophages |
RT-PCR | Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction |
SFPQ | Splicing factor proline/glutamine-rich |
SeV | Sendai virus |
sh-Luc | Sh-luciferase |
shRNA | Short hairpin RNAs |
STAT3 | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 |
TLR3 | Toll-like receptor 3 |
TLR7 | Toll-like receptor 7 |
TRIM25 | Tripartite motif protein 25 |
WSN | A/WSN/1933(H1N1) |
WT | Wild type mice |
293T | HEK293T/Human embryonic kidney cells |
4T1 | Mouse breast cancer cells |
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Pan, Q.; Zhao, Z.; Liao, Y.; Chiu, S.-H.; Wang, S.; Chen, B.; Chen, N.; Chen, Y.; Chen, J.-L. Identification of an Interferon-Stimulated Long Noncoding RNA (LncRNA ISR) Involved in Regulation of Influenza A Virus Replication. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 5118. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20205118
Pan Q, Zhao Z, Liao Y, Chiu S-H, Wang S, Chen B, Chen N, Chen Y, Chen J-L. Identification of an Interferon-Stimulated Long Noncoding RNA (LncRNA ISR) Involved in Regulation of Influenza A Virus Replication. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(20):5118. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20205118
Chicago/Turabian StylePan, Qidong, Zhonghui Zhao, Yuan Liao, Shih-Hsin Chiu, Song Wang, Biao Chen, Na Chen, Yuhai Chen, and Ji-Long Chen. 2019. "Identification of an Interferon-Stimulated Long Noncoding RNA (LncRNA ISR) Involved in Regulation of Influenza A Virus Replication" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 20: 5118. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20205118