Receptor Heterodimerization and Co-Receptor Engagement in TLR2 Activation Induced by MIC1 and MIC4 from Toxoplasma gondii
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. IL-12 Production in rMIC1- or rMIC4-Stimulated Macrophages Is Dependent on TAK1, p38, and NF-κB Phosphorylation
2.2. TLR2 Is Required for rMIC1- or rMIC4-Triggered Cell Activation, and Heterodimer Formation and Co-Receptor Engagement Enhance the Cell Response
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Animal Care and Ethics Statement
4.2. Preparation of the Lac+ Fraction from T. gondii and Recombinant MIC1 and MIC4
4.3. RAW264.7-Luc Cell Culture
4.4. Preparation of Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages
4.5. Cell Signaling Inhibition Assay
4.6. Western Blotting
4.7. Transfection of HEK293T Cells with TLR2 Complexes
4.8. Luciferase Reporter Assays
4.9. Cd14 and Cd36 Knockdown by shRNA
4.10. Measurement of Cytokines
4.11. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Costa Mendonça-Natividade, F.; Duque Lopes, C.; Ricci-Azevedo, R.; Sardinha-Silva, A.; Figueiredo Pinzan, C.; Paiva Alegre-Maller, A.C.; L. Nohara, L.; B. Carneiro, A.; Panunto-Castelo, A.; C. Almeida, I.; et al. Receptor Heterodimerization and Co-Receptor Engagement in TLR2 Activation Induced by MIC1 and MIC4 from Toxoplasma gondii. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 5001. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20205001
Costa Mendonça-Natividade F, Duque Lopes C, Ricci-Azevedo R, Sardinha-Silva A, Figueiredo Pinzan C, Paiva Alegre-Maller AC, L. Nohara L, B. Carneiro A, Panunto-Castelo A, C. Almeida I, et al. Receptor Heterodimerization and Co-Receptor Engagement in TLR2 Activation Induced by MIC1 and MIC4 from Toxoplasma gondii. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(20):5001. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20205001
Chicago/Turabian StyleCosta Mendonça-Natividade, Flávia, Carla Duque Lopes, Rafael Ricci-Azevedo, Aline Sardinha-Silva, Camila Figueiredo Pinzan, Ana Claudia Paiva Alegre-Maller, Lilian L. Nohara, Alan B. Carneiro, Ademilson Panunto-Castelo, Igor C. Almeida, and et al. 2019. "Receptor Heterodimerization and Co-Receptor Engagement in TLR2 Activation Induced by MIC1 and MIC4 from Toxoplasma gondii" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 20: 5001. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20205001