Mutagenic Study of Benzimidazole Derivatives with (+S9) and without (−S9) Metabolic Activation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Genetic Analysis
2.2. Mutagenicity Assay
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Chemicals
4.2. Bacterial Strains
4.3. Genetic Analysis
4.4. S9 Metabolic Activation System
4.5. Mutagenicity Assay
4.6. Data Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Genetic Properties | Presence of Bacterial Growth on Plate | |
---|---|---|
TA98 | TA100 | |
1. Histidine dependence | x | x |
2. Biotin dependence | / | / |
3. Presence of rfa mutation | x | x |
4. Presence of uvrB deletion | x | x |
5. Presence of plasmid pKM101 | / | / |
Compounds | Concentration (µg/plate) | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NC | PC | 0.31 | 0.63 | 1.25 | 2.5 | 5 | |||||||||
−S9 | +S9 | −S9 | +S9 | −S9 | +S9 | −S9 | +S9 | −S9 | +S9 | −S9 | +S9 | −S9 | +S9 | ||
1 | 14 ± 2 (1.0) | 876 ± 83 (1.0) | 644 ± 6 (46) a | 1787 ± 82 (2.0) a | 15 ± 2 (1.1) | 1144 ± 85 (1.3) | 15 ± 3 (1.0) | 1033 ± 223 (1.2) | 15 ± 2 (1.1) | 1405 ± 99 (1.6) | 14 ± 3 (1.0) | 1939 ± 142 (2.2) a | 15 ± 3 (1.1) | 1363 ± 31 (1.6) | |
2 | 12 ± 2 (1.0) | 816 ± 79 (1.0) | 561 ± 7 (45.5) a | 1787 ± 82 (2.2) a | 17 ± 1 (1.4) | 1396 ± 28 (1.7) | 17 ± 2 (1.4) | 1137 ± 60 (1.4) | 20 ± 2 (1.6) | 1239 ± 13 (1.5) | 15 ± 3 (1.2) | 1160 ± 56 (1.4) | 18 ± 3 (1.5) | 1280 ± 28 (1.6) | |
3 | 13 ± 3 (1.0) | 675 ± 18 (1.0) | 631 ± 12 (48.5) a | 1680 ± 106 (2.5) a | 17.± 1 (1.3) | 916 ± 39 (1.4) | 14 ± 3 (1.1) | 965 ± 39 (1.4) | 18 ± 2 (1.4) | 923 ± 25 (1.4) | 12 ± 2 (1.0) | 920 ± 19 (1.4) | 20 ± 2 (1.5) | 1053 ± 57 (1.6) | |
4 | 14 ± 2 (1.0) | 816 ± 79 (1.0) | 644 ± 6 (46) a | 1787 ± 82 (2.2) a | 13 ± 2 (0.9) | 1311 ± 132 (1.6) | 14 ± 3 (1.0) | 1243 ± 111 (1.5) | 16 ± 2 (1.2) | 1368 ± 104 (1.7) | 14 ± 2 (1.0) | 1273 ± 66 (1.6) | 20 ± 2 (1.4) | 1396 ± 64 (1.7) |
Compounds | Concentration (µg/plate) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NC | PC | 0.31 | 0.63 | 1.25 | 2.5 | 5 | ||||||||
−S9 | +S9 | −S9 | +S9 | −S9 | +S9 | −S9 | +S9 | −S9 | +S9 | −S9 | +S9 | −S9 | +S9 | |
1 | 172 ± 23 (1.0) | 821 ± 32 (1.0) | 676 ± 5 (3.9) a | 2307 ± 202 (2.8) a | 196 ± 28 (1.1) | 934 ± 116 (1.1) | 205 ± 33 (1.2) | 735 ± 23 (0.9) | 199 ± 30 (1.2) | 570 ± 59 (0.7) | 183 ± 23 (1.1) | 731 ± 40 (0.9) | 178 ± 22 (1.0) | 867 ± 47 (1.1) |
2 | 169 ± 4 (1.0) | 768 ± 94 (1.0) | 788 ± 28 (4.7) a | 2307 ± 202 (3.0) a | 168 ± 2 (0.1) | 1017 ± 13 (1.3) | 166 ± 15 (1.0) | 1120 ± 61 (1.5) | 176 ± 16 (1.1) | 1051 ± 15 (1.4) | 174 ± 5 (1.0) | 1060 ± 32 (1.4) | 164 ± 6 (1.0) | 1069 ± 54 (1.4) |
3 | 119 ± 5 (1.0) | 897 ± 5 (1.0) | 885 ± 27 (7.5) a | 2307 ± 202 (2.6) a | 129 ± 7 (1.1) | 1121 ± 21 (1.2) | 133 ± 4 (1.1) | 1246 ± 58 (1.4) | 136 ± 6 (1.2) | 1112 ± 12 (1.2) | 137 ± 6 (1.2) | 1036 ± 19 (1.2) | 131 ± 10 (1.1) | 985 ± 34 (1.1) |
4 | 172 ± 23 (1.0) | 768 ± 94 (1.0) | 676 ± 5 (3.9) a | 2307 ± 202 (3.0) a | 178 ± 15 (1.0) | 931 ± 55 (1.2) | 188 ± 19 (1.1) | 987 ± 40 (1.3) | 187 ± 20 (1.1) | 991 ± 15 (1.3) | 195 ± 23 (1.1) | 1179 ± 83 (1.5) | 183 ± 25 (1.1) | 1060 ± 40 (1.4) |
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Azahar, N.H.; Ab dullah, S.S.; Abdullah, R.; Ahmat, N.; Md Akim, A.; Ab Hamid, H. Mutagenic Study of Benzimidazole Derivatives with (+S9) and without (−S9) Metabolic Activation. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 4324. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184324
Azahar NH, Ab dullah SS, Abdullah R, Ahmat N, Md Akim A, Ab Hamid H. Mutagenic Study of Benzimidazole Derivatives with (+S9) and without (−S9) Metabolic Activation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(18):4324. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184324
Chicago/Turabian StyleAzahar, Nurul Hafizan, Siti Soleha Ab dullah, Rozaini Abdullah, Norizan Ahmat, Abdah Md Akim, and Hasiah Ab Hamid. 2019. "Mutagenic Study of Benzimidazole Derivatives with (+S9) and without (−S9) Metabolic Activation" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 18: 4324. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184324