Molecular Functionality of Cytochrome P450 4 (CYP4) Genetic Polymorphisms and Their Clinical Implications
1
Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Alzaytoonah University of Jordan, 11734 Amman, Jordan
2
Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(17), 4274; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20174274
Received: 18 July 2019
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Revised: 27 August 2019
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Accepted: 28 August 2019
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Published: 31 August 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cytochromes P450: Drug Metabolism, Bioactivation and Biodiversity 2.0)
Enzymes in the cytochrome P450 4 (CYP4) family are involved in the metabolism of fatty acids, xenobiotics, therapeutic drugs, and signaling molecules, including eicosanoids, leukotrienes, and prostanoids. As CYP4 enzymes play a role in the maintenance of fatty acids and fatty-acid-derived bioactive molecules within a normal range, they have been implicated in various biological functions, including inflammation, skin barrier, eye function, cardiovascular health, and cancer. Numerous studies have indicated that genetic variants of CYP4 genes cause inter-individual variations in metabolism and disease susceptibility. Genetic variants of CYP4A11, 4F2 genes are associated with cardiovascular diseases. Mutations of CYP4B1, CYP4Z1, and other CYP4 genes that generate 20-HETE are a potential risk for cancer. CYP4V2 gene variants are associated with ocular disease, while those of CYP4F22 are linked to skin disease and CYP4F3B is associated with the inflammatory response. The present study comprehensively collected research to provide an updated view of the molecular functionality of CYP4 genes and their associations with human diseases. Functional analysis of CYP4 genes with clinical implications is necessary to understand inter-individual variations in disease susceptibility and for the development of alternative treatment strategies.
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Keywords:
CYP4 genes; genetic polymorphisms; 20-HETE; fatty acid; arachidonic acid; SNPs; molecular functionality; metabolism; lamellar ichthyosis; Bietti’s crystalline dystrophy
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MDPI and ACS Style
Jarrar, Y.B.; Lee, S.-J. Molecular Functionality of Cytochrome P450 4 (CYP4) Genetic Polymorphisms and Their Clinical Implications. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 4274. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20174274
AMA Style
Jarrar YB, Lee S-J. Molecular Functionality of Cytochrome P450 4 (CYP4) Genetic Polymorphisms and Their Clinical Implications. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(17):4274. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20174274
Chicago/Turabian StyleJarrar, Yazun B., and Su-Jun Lee. 2019. "Molecular Functionality of Cytochrome P450 4 (CYP4) Genetic Polymorphisms and Their Clinical Implications" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 17: 4274. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20174274
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