Evaluating the Efficiency of gRNAs in CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Genome Editing in Poplars
Thuenen Institute of Forest Genetics, Sieker Landstrasse 2, D-22927 Grosshansdorf, Germany
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Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(15), 3623; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20153623
Received: 21 June 2019
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Revised: 12 July 2019
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Accepted: 21 July 2019
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Published: 24 July 2019
(This article belongs to the Collection Feature Papers in Molecular Plant Sciences)
CRISPR/Cas9 has become one of the most promising techniques for genome editing in plants and works very well in poplars with an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system. We selected twelve genes, including SOC1, FUL, and their paralogous genes, four NFP-like genes and TOZ19 for three different research topics. The gRNAs were designed for editing, and, together with a constitutively expressed Cas9 nuclease, transferred either into the poplar hybrid Populus × canescens or into P. tremula. The regenerated lines showed different types of editing and revealed several homozygous editing events which are of special interest in perennial species because of limited back-cross ability. Through a time series, we could show that despite the constitutive expression of the Cas9 nuclease, no secondary editing of the target region occurred. Thus, constitutive Cas9 expression does not seem to pose any risk to additional editing events. Based on various criteria, we obtained evidence for a relationship between the structure of gRNA and the efficiency of gene editing. In particular, the GC content, purine residues in the gRNA end, and the free accessibility of the seed region seemed to be highly important for genome editing in poplars. Based on our findings on nine different poplar genes, efficient gRNAs can be designed for future efficient editing applications in poplars.
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Keywords:
gRNA; homozygous editing; Populus; secondary structure; sequencing; transformation
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MDPI and ACS Style
Bruegmann, T.; Deecke, K.; Fladung, M. Evaluating the Efficiency of gRNAs in CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Genome Editing in Poplars. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 3623. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20153623
AMA Style
Bruegmann T, Deecke K, Fladung M. Evaluating the Efficiency of gRNAs in CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Genome Editing in Poplars. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(15):3623. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20153623
Chicago/Turabian StyleBruegmann, Tobias, Khira Deecke, and Matthias Fladung. 2019. "Evaluating the Efficiency of gRNAs in CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Genome Editing in Poplars" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 15: 3623. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20153623
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