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Volume 18
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10.3390/ijms18051059
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Review

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin: The Pregnancy Hormone and More

by
Charalampos Theofanakis
,
Petros Drakakis
,
Alexandros Besharat
and
Dimitrios Loutradis
*
IVF Unit, 1st Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18(5), 1059; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18051059
Submission received: 26 February 2017 / Revised: 3 May 2017 / Accepted: 10 May 2017 / Published: 14 May 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue hCG—An Endocrine, Regulator of Gestation and Cancer)
Versions Notes

Abstract

To thoroughly review the uses of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) related to the process of reproduction and also assess new, non-traditional theories. Review of the international literature and research studies. hCG and its receptor, LH/CGR, are expressed in numerous sites of the reproductive tract, both in gonadal and extra-goanadal tissues, promoting oocyte maturation, fertilization, implantation and early embryo development. Moreover, hCG seems to have a potential role as an anti-rejection agent in solid organ transplantation. Future research needs to focus extensively on the functions of hCG and its receptor LH/CGR, in an effort to reveal known, as well as unknown clinical potentials.
Keywords: hCG; LH/CGR; ovulation induction; oocyte maturation; endometrial synchrony; immunization hCG; LH/CGR; ovulation induction; oocyte maturation; endometrial synchrony; immunization

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Theofanakis, C.; Drakakis, P.; Besharat, A.; Loutradis, D. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin: The Pregnancy Hormone and More. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18, 1059. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18051059

AMA Style

Theofanakis C, Drakakis P, Besharat A, Loutradis D. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin: The Pregnancy Hormone and More. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2017; 18(5):1059. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18051059

Chicago/Turabian Style

Theofanakis, Charalampos, Petros Drakakis, Alexandros Besharat, and Dimitrios Loutradis. 2017. "Human Chorionic Gonadotropin: The Pregnancy Hormone and More" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 18, no. 5: 1059. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18051059

APA Style

Theofanakis, C., Drakakis, P., Besharat, A., & Loutradis, D. (2017). Human Chorionic Gonadotropin: The Pregnancy Hormone and More. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18(5), 1059. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18051059

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