Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci Conditioning the Main Biomass Yield Components and Resistance to Melampsora spp. in Salix viminalis × Salix schwerinii Hybrids
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Yield-Associated Traits
2.2. Resistance/Susceptibility to Willow Rust
2.3. Linkage Analysis and Mapping
2.4. Identification of QTLs
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Material
4.2. Evaluation of Yield-Associated Traits
4.3. Fungal Material
4.4. Evaluation of Plant Resistance
4.5. RAPD and ISSR Markers
4.6. Linkage Analysis, Genetic Mapping and QTL Mapping
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Trait | Plants One-Year | Plants Two-Year | Plants Three-Year |
---|---|---|---|
Plant height (cm) | 346.3 ± 34.2 (9.9%) 1 | 436.6 ± 57.1 (13.1%) | 576.9 ± 114.6 (19.9%) |
Shoot diameter (mm) | 19.1 ± 2.8 (14.7%) | 21.6 ± 3.5 (16.2%) | 30.7 ± 7.5 (24.4%) |
Number of shoots (No.) | 8.6 ± 2.4 (27.9%) | 6.8 ± 1.7 (25.0%) | 4.9 ± 1.5 (30.6%) |
Isolate Name | Leaf Area Covered with Uredinia (%) | Mean Area of a Pustule (mm2) |
---|---|---|
Mle1 | 25.41 c 1 | 1.773 c |
Mle2 | 32.14 b | 1.405 b |
Mle3 | 10.71 d | 0.617 d |
Mle4 | 40.49 a | 2.355 a |
Parameter | Mapping Population |
---|---|
P5 | |
Total markers | 724 |
Average markers per primer | 5.7 |
RAPD 1 markers used for linkage analysis | 93 |
ISSR 2 markers used for linkage analysis | 28 |
Total markers used for linkage analysis | 121 |
Unlinked or doublets markers | 340 |
Number of groups in the framework | 19 |
Smallest group (cM) of the framework | 10.0 |
Largest group (cM) of the framework | 204.5 |
Average length (cM) of group | 34.5 |
Total length (cM) of the framework | 656.4 |
Average distance between two framework markers (cM) ± SD | 6.3 ± 1.9 |
Trait | LOD Threshold | QTL Name | Nearest Marker | LG 1 | Position (cM) | LOD | %PVE 2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plant height | 4.13 | ph-1 | OPT01b | 1 | 67.00 | 4.48 | 2.97 |
ph-2 | OPB10a | 1 | 103.00 | 5.73 | 3.85 | ||
ph-3 | ISSR21d | 2 | 2.32 | 6.77 | 4.61 | ||
ph-4 | OPR13d | 5 | 14.79 | 8.27 | 5.73 | ||
ph-5 | OPE02b | 5 | 28.79 | 6.99 | 4.78 | ||
ph-6 | OPZ01b | 6 | 13.27 | 10.51 | 7.49 | ||
ph-7 | OPB10c | 9 | 154.75 | 13.20 | 9.72 | ||
ph-8 | OPT15d | 10 | 45.82 | 11.27 | 8.10 | ||
ph-9 | OPC08c | 11 | 4.98 | 7.19 | 4.92 | ||
ph-10 | OPC08k | 11 | 11.24 | 5.59 | 3.75 | ||
ph-11 | OPE04f | 18 | 6.01 | 6.62 | 4.50 | ||
Shoot diameter | 3.26 | sd-1 | OPT01b | 1 | 64.00 | 3.86 | 4.10 |
sd-2 | OPA12f | 1 | 174.00 | 3.50 | 4.88 | ||
sd-3 | ISSR21d | 2 | 1.32 | 5.03 | 4.40 | ||
sd-4 | OPE02b | 5 | 27.79 | 6.07 | 6.46 | ||
sd-5 | OPR14c | 5 | 60.79 | 3.71 | 7.90 | ||
sd-6 | OPB10c | 9 | 154.75 | 3.95 | 4.52 | ||
sd-7 | OPC08b | 11 | 3.98 | 3.27 | 4.68 | ||
sd-8 | OPC05g | 16 | 13.31 | 3.59 | 4.65 | ||
sd-9 | OPE04f | 18 | 4.00 | 3.69 | 4.99 | ||
Number of shoots | 3.19 | nos-1 | OPQ09c | 4 | 4.22 | 3.45 | 10.60 |
nos-2 | OPC08b | 11 | 1.98 | 5.08 | 16.16 | ||
nos-3 | OPZ19b | 12 | 3.78 | 3.38 | 10.37 | ||
IALD 3 by isolate Mle1 | 8.36 | Mle1-1 | OPE04b | 1 | 131.45 | 12.2 | 15.47 |
Mle1-2 | ISSR15a | 13 | 16.32 | 8.76 | 10.82 | ||
IALD 3 by isolate Mle2 | 5.88 | Mle2-1 | OPE04b | 1 | 131.00 | 6.36 | 5.89 |
Mle2-2 | ISSR15d | 2 | 55.32 | 5.37 | 4.95 | ||
Mle2-3 | OPC03a | 12 | 8.78 | 9.40 | 8.86 | ||
IALD 3 by isolate Mle4 | 5.23 | Mle4-1 | OPA18k | 1 | 22.00 | 14.09 | 10.15 |
Mle4-2 | ISSR17i | 1 | 149.00 | 10.68 | 7.52 | ||
Mle4-3 | OPZ01c | 2 | 15.32 | 19.50 | 14.57 | ||
Mle4-4 | OPE02b | 5 | 24.79 | 17.05 | 12.53 | ||
Mle4-5 | OPZ19b | 12 | 4.78 | 6.50 | 4.46 | ||
Mle4-6 | OPT12b | 14 | 12.92 | 10.94 | 7.72 |
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Sulima, P.; Przyborowski, J.A.; Kuszewska, A.; Załuski, D.; Jędryczka, M.; Irzykowski, W. Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci Conditioning the Main Biomass Yield Components and Resistance to Melampsora spp. in Salix viminalis × Salix schwerinii Hybrids. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18, 677. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18030677
Sulima P, Przyborowski JA, Kuszewska A, Załuski D, Jędryczka M, Irzykowski W. Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci Conditioning the Main Biomass Yield Components and Resistance to Melampsora spp. in Salix viminalis × Salix schwerinii Hybrids. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2017; 18(3):677. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18030677
Chicago/Turabian StyleSulima, Paweł, Jerzy A. Przyborowski, Anna Kuszewska, Dariusz Załuski, Małgorzata Jędryczka, and Witold Irzykowski. 2017. "Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci Conditioning the Main Biomass Yield Components and Resistance to Melampsora spp. in Salix viminalis × Salix schwerinii Hybrids" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 18, no. 3: 677. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18030677