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Article

Mitochondria Related Pathway Is Essential for Polysaccharides Purified from Sparassis crispa Mediated Neuro-Protection against Glutamate-Induced Toxicity in Differentiated PC12 Cells

by
Shuang Hu
1,†,
Di Wang
1,†,
Junrong Zhang
1,
Mengyan Du
1,
Yingkun Cheng
1,
Yan Liu
1,
Ning Zhang
1,
Di Wang
1,* and
Yi Wu
2,*
1
School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
2
School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2016, 17(2), 133; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17020133
Submission received: 30 October 2015 / Revised: 31 December 2015 / Accepted: 12 January 2016 / Published: 26 January 2016
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neuroprotective Strategies 2015)
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Abstract

The present study aims to explore the neuro-protective effects of purified Sparassis crispa polysaccharides against l-glutamic acid (l-Glu)-induced differentiated PC12 (DPC12) cell damages and its underlying mechanisms. The Sparassis crispa water extract was purified by a DEAE-52 cellulose anion exchange column and a Sepharose G-100 column. A fraction with a molecular weight of 75 kDa and a diameter of 88.9 nm, entitled SCWEA, was obtained. SCWEA was identified with a triple helix with (1→3)-linked Rha in the backbone, and (1→2) linkages and (1→6) linkages in the side bone. Our results indicated that the pre-treatment of DPC12 cells with SCWEA prior to l-Glu exposure effectively reversed the reduction on cell viability (by 3-(4,5-cimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay) and reduced l-Glu-induced apoptosis (by Hoechst staining). SCWEA decreased the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, blocked Ca2+ influx and prevented depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential in DPC12 cells. Furthermore, SCWEA normalized expression of anti-apoptotic proteins in l-Glu-explored DPC12 cells. These results suggested that SCWEA protects against l-Glu-induced neuronal apoptosis in DPC12 cells and may be a promising candidate for treatment against neurodegenerative disease.
Keywords: Sparassis crispa; purified polysaccharides; neuro-protection; glutamate; mitochondria Sparassis crispa; purified polysaccharides; neuro-protection; glutamate; mitochondria

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MDPI and ACS Style

Hu, S.; Wang, D.; Zhang, J.; Du, M.; Cheng, Y.; Liu, Y.; Zhang, N.; Wang, D.; Wu, Y. Mitochondria Related Pathway Is Essential for Polysaccharides Purified from Sparassis crispa Mediated Neuro-Protection against Glutamate-Induced Toxicity in Differentiated PC12 Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2016, 17, 133. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17020133

AMA Style

Hu S, Wang D, Zhang J, Du M, Cheng Y, Liu Y, Zhang N, Wang D, Wu Y. Mitochondria Related Pathway Is Essential for Polysaccharides Purified from Sparassis crispa Mediated Neuro-Protection against Glutamate-Induced Toxicity in Differentiated PC12 Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2016; 17(2):133. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17020133

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hu, Shuang, Di Wang, Junrong Zhang, Mengyan Du, Yingkun Cheng, Yan Liu, Ning Zhang, Di Wang, and Yi Wu. 2016. "Mitochondria Related Pathway Is Essential for Polysaccharides Purified from Sparassis crispa Mediated Neuro-Protection against Glutamate-Induced Toxicity in Differentiated PC12 Cells" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 17, no. 2: 133. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17020133

APA Style

Hu, S., Wang, D., Zhang, J., Du, M., Cheng, Y., Liu, Y., Zhang, N., Wang, D., & Wu, Y. (2016). Mitochondria Related Pathway Is Essential for Polysaccharides Purified from Sparassis crispa Mediated Neuro-Protection against Glutamate-Induced Toxicity in Differentiated PC12 Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 17(2), 133. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17020133

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