Aberrant DNA Methylation of rDNA and PRIMA1 in Borderline Personality Disorder
1
Institute for Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
2
Psychiatric Hospital, Psychiatric Services of Thurgovia, CH-8596 Münsterlingen, Switzerland and Department of Psychiatry, Paracelsus Medical University, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Kenji Hashimoto and Cesar Borlongan
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2016, 17(1), 67; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17010067
Received: 14 October 2015
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Revised: 28 December 2015
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Accepted: 29 December 2015
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Published: 5 January 2016
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Pathophysiology of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and New Therapeutic Targets)
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a serious psychic disease with a high risk for suicide. DNA methylation is a hallmark for aberrant epigenetic regulation and could be involved in the etiology of BPD. Previously, it has been reported that increased DNA methylation of neuropsychiatric genes is found in the blood of patients with BPD compared to healthy controls. Here, we analyzed DNA methylation patterns of the ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA promoter region and 5′-external transcribed spacer/5′ETS) and the promoter of the proline rich membrane anchor 1 gene (PRIMA1) in peripheral blood samples of 24 female patients (mean age (33 ± 11) years) diagnosed with DSM-IV BPD and in 11 female controls (mean age (32 ± 7) years). A significant aberrant methylation of rDNA and PRIMA1 was revealed for BPD patients using pyrosequencing. For the promoter of PRIMA1, the average methylation of six CpG sites was 1.6-fold higher in BPD patients compared to controls. In contrast, the methylation levels of the rDNA promoter region and the 5′ETS were significantly lower (0.9-fold) in patients with BPD compared to controls. Thus, for nine CpGs located in the rDNA promoter region and for four CpGs at the 5′ETS decreased methylation was found in peripheral blood of patients compared to controls. Our results suggest that aberrant methylation of rDNA and PRIMA1 is associated with the pathogenesis of BPD.
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Keywords:
borderline personality disorder; ribosomal RNA gene; proline rich membrane anchor gene; epigenetics; DNA methylation
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MDPI and ACS Style
Teschler, S.; Gotthardt, J.; Dammann, G.; Dammann, R.H. Aberrant DNA Methylation of rDNA and PRIMA1 in Borderline Personality Disorder. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2016, 17, 67. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17010067
AMA Style
Teschler S, Gotthardt J, Dammann G, Dammann RH. Aberrant DNA Methylation of rDNA and PRIMA1 in Borderline Personality Disorder. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2016; 17(1):67. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17010067
Chicago/Turabian StyleTeschler, Stefanie, Julia Gotthardt, Gerhard Dammann, and Reinhard H. Dammann. 2016. "Aberrant DNA Methylation of rDNA and PRIMA1 in Borderline Personality Disorder" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 17, no. 1: 67. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17010067
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