Knockdown of PKM2 Suppresses Tumor Growth and Invasion in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Correlation between PKM2 Expression and the Clinicopathological Features of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Characteristic | PKM2 (IHC Score) | ||
---|---|---|---|
No. of Patients(n = 65) | |||
Negative (37) | Positive (28) | p-Value | |
Age | |||
<60 years | 18 | 12 | 0.643 |
≥60 years | 19 | 16 | |
Gender | |||
Male | 23 | 17 | 0.905 |
Female | 14 | 11 | |
Tumor Differentiation | |||
Well | 25 | 10 | 0.011 |
Poor | 12 | 18 | |
Tumor Size (cm) | |||
≤3 | 25 | 13 | 0.087 |
>3 | 12 | 15 | |
Pathological N Stage | |||
N0 | 23 | 8 | 0.007 |
N1 | 14 | 20 | |
Metastasis | |||
M0 | 24 | 10 | 0.020 |
M1 | 13 | 18 |
2.2. Tumor Growth Was Inhibited by PKM2 Gene Silencing in A549 Cells
2.3. PKM2-Knockdown Inhibited the Warburg Effect in Tumors
2.4. PKM2-Knockdown Inhibited Fatty Acid Synthesis of Glucose Carbon Source in Tumor Cells
2.5. Effect of PKM2 Downregulationon the A549 Cell Invasiveness
2.6. Discussion
3. Experimental Section
3.1. Study Population
3.2. Immunohistochemical Staining
3.3. Cell Culture and Viability Assay
3.4. Cell Metabolism Assay
3.5. Cell Invasion Assays
3.6. Lipid Synthesis
3.7. Western Blotting
3.8. Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sun, H.; Zhu, A.; Zhang, L.; Zhang, J.; Zhong, Z.; Wang, F. Knockdown of PKM2 Suppresses Tumor Growth and Invasion in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16, 24574-24587. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161024574
Sun H, Zhu A, Zhang L, Zhang J, Zhong Z, Wang F. Knockdown of PKM2 Suppresses Tumor Growth and Invasion in Lung Adenocarcinoma. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2015; 16(10):24574-24587. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161024574
Chicago/Turabian StyleSun, Hong, Anyou Zhu, Lunjun Zhang, Jie Zhang, Zhengrong Zhong, and Fengchao Wang. 2015. "Knockdown of PKM2 Suppresses Tumor Growth and Invasion in Lung Adenocarcinoma" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 16, no. 10: 24574-24587. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161024574