Some Characteristics of Free Cell Population in the Airways of Rats after Intratracheal Instillation of Copper-Containing Nano-Scale Particles
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Optical Microscopy Data
Particles Administered | Number of Cells * (×106) | NL/AM | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Neutrophil Leukocytes (NL) | Alveolar Macrophages (AM) | ||
Nanoparticles | 12.42 ± 1.89 *,● | 9.8 ± 2.16 *,● | 2.44 ± 0.38 * | 4.76 ± 1.39 *,● |
Submicron particles | 6.79 ± 1.28 * | 3.64 ± 0.90 * | 3.06 ± 0.86 * | 1.39 ± 0.16 * |
None (controls) | 1.06 ± 0.14 | 0.052 ± 0.01 | 0.95 ± 0.18 | 0.06 ± 0.01 |
2.2. Some Indices of BALF Biochemistry
Indices | Groups of Rats Instilled Intratracheally with | ||
---|---|---|---|
Water (Control) | Nanoparticles | Submicron Particles | |
Glucose, mmol/L | 0.56 ± 0.00 | 1.36 ± 0.25 *,● | 0.56 ± 0.00 |
Urea nitrogen, mmol/L | 0.36 ± 0.00 | 0.68 ± 0.10 *,● | 0.36 ± 0.00 |
Uric acid, µmol/L | 14.67 ± 0.33 | 16.75 ± 0.50 *,● | 14.25 ± 0.25 |
Amylase, mcmol/L·min | 30.00 ± 0.00 | 140.25 ± 3.50 *,● | 30.00 ± 0.00 |
Alkaline phosphatase, mcmol/L·min | 20.33 ± 2.60 | 29.75 ± 3.77 | 27.00 ± 1.68 |
ALT, mcmol/L·min | 21.33 ± 0.67 | 25.25 ± 0.29 *,● | 22.00 ± 0.41 |
AST, mcmol/L·min | 7.33 ± 1.20 | 39.75 ± 2.29 *,● | 19.50 ± 1.66 * |
De Ritis ratio | 0.34 ± 0.05 | 1.57 ± 0.08 *,● | 0.88 ± 0.07 * |
γ-Glutamyl transferase, mcmol/L·min | 5.33 ± 0.33 | 14.50 ± 0.87 * | 10.25 ± 0.63 * |
Lactate dehydrogenase, mcmol/L·min | 166.67 ± 30.33 | 821.50 ± 9.50 *,● | 601.75 ± 54.65 * |
Calcium, mmol/L | 0.12 ± 0.00 | 0.25 ± 0.02 *,● | 0.12 ± 0.00 |
Magnesium, mmol/L | 0.12 ± 0.00 | 0.16 ± 0.01 *,● | 0.12 ± 0.00 |
Phosphorus, mmol/L | 0.14 ± 0.01 | 0.25 ± 0.02 *,● | 0.14 ± 0.00 |
Iron, µmol/L | 0.40 ± 0.00 | 0.83 ± 0.21 *,● | 0.40 ± 0.00 |
2.3. Semi-Contact Atomic Force Microscopy (sc-AFM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) Data
3. Experimental Section
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Privalova, L.I.; Katsnelson, B.A.; Loginova, N.V.; Gurvich, V.B.; Shur, V.Y.; Beikin, Y.B.; Sutunkova, M.P.; Minigalieva, I.A.; Shishkina, E.V.; Pichugova, S.V.; et al. Some Characteristics of Free Cell Population in the Airways of Rats after Intratracheal Instillation of Copper-Containing Nano-Scale Particles. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2014, 15, 21538-21553. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms151121538
Privalova LI, Katsnelson BA, Loginova NV, Gurvich VB, Shur VY, Beikin YB, Sutunkova MP, Minigalieva IA, Shishkina EV, Pichugova SV, et al. Some Characteristics of Free Cell Population in the Airways of Rats after Intratracheal Instillation of Copper-Containing Nano-Scale Particles. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2014; 15(11):21538-21553. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms151121538
Chicago/Turabian StylePrivalova, Larisa I., Boris A. Katsnelson, Nadezhda V. Loginova, Vladimir B. Gurvich, Vladimir Y. Shur, Yakov B. Beikin, Marina P. Sutunkova, Ilzira A. Minigalieva, Ekaterina V. Shishkina, Svetlana V. Pichugova, and et al. 2014. "Some Characteristics of Free Cell Population in the Airways of Rats after Intratracheal Instillation of Copper-Containing Nano-Scale Particles" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 15, no. 11: 21538-21553. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms151121538