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Article

In Vitro Evidence for the Dual Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Roles of Hypericum triquetrifolium in Cancer Therapy: Selective Cytotoxicity Against Pancreatic Cancer Cells

by
Ece Sabuncu
1,
Yağmur Özhan
1,2,
Dilara Güreşçi
1,
Gizem Inetas Yengin
3,
Merve Güdül Bacanlı
4,5,
Etil Güzelmeriç
6,
Dilek Telci
3 and
Hande Sipahi
1,2,*
1
Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, 34755 İstanbul, Türkiye
2
Department of Toxicology, Hamidiye Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences Turkey, 34668 İstanbul, Türkiye
3
Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, 34755 İstanbul, Türkiye
4
Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Gülhane Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences Turkey, 06018 Ankara, Türkiye
5
Health Institutes of Türkiye (TÜSEB), Turkish Vaccine Institute, 06270 Ankara, Türkiye
6
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, 34755 İstanbul, Türkiye
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2026, 31(10), 1628; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31101628
Submission received: 13 April 2026 / Revised: 7 May 2026 / Accepted: 8 May 2026 / Published: 12 May 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxicological Profiles, Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Activities of Plant Extracts)
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Abstract

Hypericum species are known for their phytochemical richness and diverse pharmacological activities; however, the biological potential and underlying mechanisms of Hypericum triquetrifolium remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical profile and bioactivities of Hypericum triquetrifolium hydroalcoholic extract (HTE). Plant samples collected from Gelibolu (Çanakkale, Türkiye) were analyzed by HPTLC, revealing the presence of rutin, hyperoside, chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, and hypericin. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH, CUPRAC, and FRAP assays, demonstrating strong activity across all tests. Anti-inflammatory effects were assessed in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. HTE significantly reduced nitrite, PGE2, IL-6, ROS, and MDA levels, with the most pronounced effect observed at 0.5 mg/mL (p < 0.05). Cytotoxic and anticancer activities were evaluated in MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells and healthy human dermal fibroblasts. The extract exhibited selective cytotoxicity toward cancer cells (IC50 = 0.16 mg/mL), with approximately fivefold lower toxicity in healthy cells. Cell cycle analysis demonstrated G0/G1 arrest, while the Annexin V assay revealed dose-dependent apoptosis (p < 0.0001). DNA damage analysis further supported its anticancer potential. Overall, HTE exhibits potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and selective anticancer activities by reducing oxidative stress, inducing cell cycle arrest, and promoting apoptosis, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent.
Keywords: Hypericum triquetrifolium; anticancer; anti-inflammation; oxidative stress; apoptosis; genotoxicity Hypericum triquetrifolium; anticancer; anti-inflammation; oxidative stress; apoptosis; genotoxicity
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MDPI and ACS Style

Sabuncu, E.; Özhan, Y.; Güreşçi, D.; Inetas Yengin, G.; Bacanlı, M.G.; Güzelmeriç, E.; Telci, D.; Sipahi, H. In Vitro Evidence for the Dual Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Roles of Hypericum triquetrifolium in Cancer Therapy: Selective Cytotoxicity Against Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Molecules 2026, 31, 1628. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31101628

AMA Style

Sabuncu E, Özhan Y, Güreşçi D, Inetas Yengin G, Bacanlı MG, Güzelmeriç E, Telci D, Sipahi H. In Vitro Evidence for the Dual Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Roles of Hypericum triquetrifolium in Cancer Therapy: Selective Cytotoxicity Against Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Molecules. 2026; 31(10):1628. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31101628

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sabuncu, Ece, Yağmur Özhan, Dilara Güreşçi, Gizem Inetas Yengin, Merve Güdül Bacanlı, Etil Güzelmeriç, Dilek Telci, and Hande Sipahi. 2026. "In Vitro Evidence for the Dual Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Roles of Hypericum triquetrifolium in Cancer Therapy: Selective Cytotoxicity Against Pancreatic Cancer Cells" Molecules 31, no. 10: 1628. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31101628

APA Style

Sabuncu, E., Özhan, Y., Güreşçi, D., Inetas Yengin, G., Bacanlı, M. G., Güzelmeriç, E., Telci, D., & Sipahi, H. (2026). In Vitro Evidence for the Dual Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Roles of Hypericum triquetrifolium in Cancer Therapy: Selective Cytotoxicity Against Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Molecules, 31(10), 1628. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31101628

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