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Volume 30
Issue 22
10.3390/molecules30224340
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Structural Characterization and Protective Effects of CPAP-1, an Arabinogalactan from Curcuma phaeocaulis Val., Against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Damage in HUVECs

by
Yuhao Long
1,2,
Sirui Yi
1,2,
Huizhi Zhou
2,
Fangrou Chen
3,
Yiping Guo
1,2,* and
Li Guo
1,2,*
1
Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
2
School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
3
College of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2025, 30(22), 4340; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30224340
Submission received: 9 October 2025 / Revised: 6 November 2025 / Accepted: 7 November 2025 / Published: 9 November 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Bioactives and Functional Ingredients in Foods)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Curcuma phaeocaulis, a perennial herb of the ginger family, has been used to treat many diseases in traditional medicine systems. This study aimed to extract, isolate, and purify a homogeneous polysaccharide from C. phaeocaulis, conduct preliminary structural characterization, and evaluate its antioxidant activity at the cellular level. The structure of the purified polysaccharide (CPAP-1) was characterized using size exclusion chromatography (SEC), chemical derivatization analysis (CDA), GC-MS, FT-IR, and NMR. The results showed that CPAP-1 has an apparent molecular weight of 118.122 kDa and is hypothesized to be an arabinogalactan with a backbone composed of →3,6)-β-d-Galp-(1→ and →3)-β-d-Galp-(1→ residues, a structure that is relatively novel in Curcuma longa. In vitro antioxidant assays demonstrated that CPAP-1 possesses potent antioxidative stress activity, effectively scavenging both DPPH and hydroxyl radicals. Furthermore, cellular experiments revealed that at concentrations of 500 and 750 mg/L, CPAP-1 significantly protected human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) against H2O2-induced oxidative damage. In conclusion, these findings suggest that CPAP-1 could be developed as a natural antioxidant, functional food, or therapeutic agent for preventing and mitigating oxidative stress-related vascular injury, providing a theoretical basis for further development and application.
Keywords: Curcuma phaeocaulis; isolation and purification; structural characterization; oxidative stress Curcuma phaeocaulis; isolation and purification; structural characterization; oxidative stress

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Long, Y.; Yi, S.; Zhou, H.; Chen, F.; Guo, Y.; Guo, L. Structural Characterization and Protective Effects of CPAP-1, an Arabinogalactan from Curcuma phaeocaulis Val., Against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Damage in HUVECs. Molecules 2025, 30, 4340. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30224340

AMA Style

Long Y, Yi S, Zhou H, Chen F, Guo Y, Guo L. Structural Characterization and Protective Effects of CPAP-1, an Arabinogalactan from Curcuma phaeocaulis Val., Against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Damage in HUVECs. Molecules. 2025; 30(22):4340. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30224340

Chicago/Turabian Style

Long, Yuhao, Sirui Yi, Huizhi Zhou, Fangrou Chen, Yiping Guo, and Li Guo. 2025. "Structural Characterization and Protective Effects of CPAP-1, an Arabinogalactan from Curcuma phaeocaulis Val., Against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Damage in HUVECs" Molecules 30, no. 22: 4340. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30224340

APA Style

Long, Y., Yi, S., Zhou, H., Chen, F., Guo, Y., & Guo, L. (2025). Structural Characterization and Protective Effects of CPAP-1, an Arabinogalactan from Curcuma phaeocaulis Val., Against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Damage in HUVECs. Molecules, 30(22), 4340. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30224340

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