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Volume 30
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10.3390/molecules30112404
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

A Novel Recyclable Strategy for Extraction of Naproxen Sodium from Environmental Water by Amino-Functionalized Immobilized Ionic Liquid Polymers

by
Hongrui Yang
1,2,
Ayiguli Maimaiti
1,
Wei Liu
1,
Wenye Deng
1,
Xiaoping Fu
1 and
Jing Fan
2,*
1
Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Xinjiang Institute of Engineering, Urumqi 830023, China
2
School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2025, 30(11), 2404; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30112404
Submission received: 15 April 2025 / Revised: 27 May 2025 / Accepted: 29 May 2025 / Published: 30 May 2025
(This article belongs to the Topic Application of Nanomaterials in Environmental Analysis)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Naproxen sodium is an emerging pollutant that may pose potential hazards to human health and the ecological environment. However, developing highly effective adsorbents for the extraction of naproxen sodium from aqueous environments is still a challenge. Herein, we have prepared a novel amino-functional ionic liquid polymer adsorbent (NH2-IL-PS) for the extraction of naproxen sodium (NPS) from aqueous environments. It was found that the NH2-IL-PS exhibits a high adsorption capacity of 456.6 mg/g for NPS and maintains high extraction efficiency over a wide pH range of 4 to 9 at room temperature. Notably, even when the concentration of NPS was lower than 5 ppb, the extraction efficiency still exceeded 90.0%, with the enrichment factor reaching up to 600.0. More importantly, the NH2-IL-PS adsorbent material can withstand at least 16 consecutive adsorption cycles while maintaining an extraction efficiency of over 90.0%. Finally, the NH2-IL-PS was successfully applied to extract and determine NPS in seven types of real water samples, with relative recoveries ranging from 90.9 to 96.2%. The study of the adsorption mechanism reveals that electrostatic interactions, ion exchange, π-π stacking, and hydrogen bonding are crucial in the extraction of NPS. This study provides a sustainable strategy for the efficient extraction of NPS.
Keywords: amino-functional ionic liquid polymer; naproxen sodium; solid-phase extraction; aqueous environments amino-functional ionic liquid polymer; naproxen sodium; solid-phase extraction; aqueous environments

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yang, H.; Maimaiti, A.; Liu, W.; Deng, W.; Fu, X.; Fan, J. A Novel Recyclable Strategy for Extraction of Naproxen Sodium from Environmental Water by Amino-Functionalized Immobilized Ionic Liquid Polymers. Molecules 2025, 30, 2404. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30112404

AMA Style

Yang H, Maimaiti A, Liu W, Deng W, Fu X, Fan J. A Novel Recyclable Strategy for Extraction of Naproxen Sodium from Environmental Water by Amino-Functionalized Immobilized Ionic Liquid Polymers. Molecules. 2025; 30(11):2404. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30112404

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang, Hongrui, Ayiguli Maimaiti, Wei Liu, Wenye Deng, Xiaoping Fu, and Jing Fan. 2025. "A Novel Recyclable Strategy for Extraction of Naproxen Sodium from Environmental Water by Amino-Functionalized Immobilized Ionic Liquid Polymers" Molecules 30, no. 11: 2404. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30112404

APA Style

Yang, H., Maimaiti, A., Liu, W., Deng, W., Fu, X., & Fan, J. (2025). A Novel Recyclable Strategy for Extraction of Naproxen Sodium from Environmental Water by Amino-Functionalized Immobilized Ionic Liquid Polymers. Molecules, 30(11), 2404. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30112404

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