Thevetia thevetioides Cardenolide and Related Cardiac Glycoside Profile in Mature and Immature Seeds by High-Resolution Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) and Quadrupole Time of Flight–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (Q-TOF MS/MS) Reveals Insights of the Cardenolide Biosynthetic Pathway
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Plant Material
2.2. Extraction
2.3. HPTLC
2.4. Q-TOF MS/MS
2.5. GC-MS Analysis of Aglycones
3. Results
3.1. Mature Seed Cardenolide Profile
3.2. Immature Seeds Cardenolide Profile
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
References
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ID | Seed | BAND | Rf | Aglycone | Carbohydrate | Previous Name | Proposed Name | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C1 | I | B13 | 0.84 | Digitoxigenin | L-ThevAc | Peruvoside B acetate/Neriifolin acetate (Cerberin) | Digiperuvoside acetate or Digithevetoside acetate | Monoglycosides | Acetates |
C2 | I | B12 | 0.78 | Yccotligenin | L-ThevAc | Peruvoside C acetate | Yccoperuvoside acetate or Yccothevetoside acetate | ||
C3 | I | Cannogenin | L-ThevAc | Peruvoside A acetate | Canperuvoside acetate or Canthevetoside acetate | ||||
C4 | I | B11 | 0.61 | Digitoxigenin | L-L-Thev | Peruvoside B (Neriifolin) | Digiperuvoside or Digithevetoside | ||
C5 | I | B10 | 0.56 | Yccotligenin | L-Thev | Peruvoside C | Yccoperuvoside or Yccothevetoside | ||
C6 | I | B9 | 0.51 | Cannogenin | L-Thev | Peruvoside A | Canperuvoside or Canthevetoside | ||
C7 | I | B8 | 0.35 | Digitoxigenin | L-Thev-D-Glc | Thevebioside B | Digithevebioside | Di-glycosides | |
C8 | M/I | B7 | 0.29 | Yccotligenin | L-Thev-D-Glc | Thevebioside C | Yccothevebioside | ||
C9 | M/I | B6 | 0.22 | Cannogenin | L-Thev-D-Glc | Thevebioside A | Canthevebioside | ||
C10 | M/I | B5 | 0.15 | Digitoxigenin | L-ThevAc-D-Glc-D-Glc | Thevetin B acetate | Digithevetin acetate | Triglycosides | Acetates |
C11 | M/I | B4 | 0.12 | Yccotligenin | L-ThevAc-D-Glc-D-Glc | Thevetin C acetate | Yccothevetin acetate | ||
C12 | M/I | Cannogenin | L-ThevAc-D-Glc-D-Glc | Thevetin A acetate | Canthevetin acetate | ||||
C13 | M/I | B3 | 0.07 | Digitoxigenin | L-Thev-D-Glc-D-Glc | Thevetin B (Cerberoside) | Digithevetin | ||
C14 | M/I | B2 | 0.04 | Yccotligenin | L-Thev-D-Glc-D-Glc | Thevetin C | Yccothevetin | ||
C15 | M/I | B1 | 0.02 | Cannogenin | L-Thev-D-Glc-D-Glc | Thevetin A | Canthevetin |
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Vázquez-Martínez, J.; Bravo-Villa, P.; Molina-Torres, J. Thevetia thevetioides Cardenolide and Related Cardiac Glycoside Profile in Mature and Immature Seeds by High-Resolution Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) and Quadrupole Time of Flight–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (Q-TOF MS/MS) Reveals Insights of the Cardenolide Biosynthetic Pathway. Molecules 2024, 29, 4083. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29174083
Vázquez-Martínez J, Bravo-Villa P, Molina-Torres J. Thevetia thevetioides Cardenolide and Related Cardiac Glycoside Profile in Mature and Immature Seeds by High-Resolution Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) and Quadrupole Time of Flight–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (Q-TOF MS/MS) Reveals Insights of the Cardenolide Biosynthetic Pathway. Molecules. 2024; 29(17):4083. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29174083
Chicago/Turabian StyleVázquez-Martínez, Juan, Paulina Bravo-Villa, and Jorge Molina-Torres. 2024. "Thevetia thevetioides Cardenolide and Related Cardiac Glycoside Profile in Mature and Immature Seeds by High-Resolution Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) and Quadrupole Time of Flight–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (Q-TOF MS/MS) Reveals Insights of the Cardenolide Biosynthetic Pathway" Molecules 29, no. 17: 4083. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29174083