In-Depth Performance Analysis and Comparison of Monolithic and Particulate Zwitterionic Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography Polymer Columns
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Geometrical Characterization
2.2. Evaluation of Column Performance
2.2.1. Plate Height Curves
2.2.2. Permeability Measurements
2.2.3. Reduced Plate Height Curves
2.2.4. Kinetic Plot Analysis
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Reagents and Materials
3.2. Instrumentation
3.3. Samples and Mobile Phases
3.4. Plate Height Measurements
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Column | (µm) | (µm) | or (µm) | dHalasz (µm) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
poly(SPE-co-EDMA) | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 5.2 | 0.6923 | 0.7830 | 0.2948 |
poly(SPE-co-MBA) | 1.7 ± 0.3 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 3.3 ± 0.8 | 5.7 | 0.6995 | 0.7370 | 0.1248 |
ZIC-pHILIC | / | / | 4.7 ± 1.1 | 5.5 | 0.4398 | 0.6040 | 0.2931 |
Column | Compound | k″ | Hmin (mm) | Equation (10) BFIT | Equation (10) BPP | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A (mm1/2/s1/2) | B (mm²/s) | C (s) | A (mm1/2/s1/2) | B (mm²/s) | C (s) | ||||
SPE-co-EDMA | Uracil | 1.92 | 2.17 × 10−2 | 1.38 × 10−2 | 3.35 × 10−3 | 1.22 × 10−2 | 1.25 × 10−2 | 3.48 × 10−3 | 1.30 × 10−2 |
Uracil | 3.08 | 2.76 × 10−2 | 2.29 × 10−2 | 3.80 × 10−3 | 1.31 × 10−2 | 2.89 × 10−2 | 3.27 × 10−3 | 8.74 × 10−3 | |
Thiourea | 4.96 | 1.37 × 10−2 | 6.90 × 10−3 | 3.83 × 10−3 | 3.71 × 10−3 | 7.59 × 10−3 | 3.70 × 10−3 | 3.21 × 10−3 | |
Thiourea | 7.00 | 1.53 × 10−2 | 8.43 × 10−3 | 4.11 × 10−3 | 4.11 × 10−3 | 9.53 × 10−3 | 3.91 × 10−3 | 3.42 × 10−3 | |
Hypoxanthine | 10.29 | 2.47 × 10−2 | 1.46 × 10−2 | 3.53 × 10−3 | 2.18 × 10−2 | 1.39 × 10−2 | 3.64 × 10−3 | 2.23 × 10−2 | |
SPE-co-MBA | Uracil | 1.86 | 1.70 × 10−2 | 1.78 × 10−2 | 2.08 × 10−3 | 1.38 × 10−3 | 1.56 × 10−2 | 2.31 × 10−3 | 2.80 × 10−3 |
Adenosine | 2.93 | 2.12 × 10−2 | 2.22 × 10−2 | 1.53 × 10−3 | 1.96 × 10−2 | 1.96 × 10−2 | 1.80 × 10−3 | 2.11 × 10−2 | |
Thiourea | 4.73 | 1.22 × 10−2 | 8.80 × 10−3 | 2.66 × 10−3 | 1.63 × 10−3 | 6.25 × 10−3 | 3.05 × 10−3 | 3.20 × 10−3 | |
Uridine | 6.37 | 1.48 × 10−2 | 1.25 × 10−2 | 1.47 × 10−3 | 1.21 × 10−2 | 1.21 × 10−2 | 1.72 × 10−3 | 1.20 × 10−2 | |
Inosine | 9.69 | 1.36 × 10−2 | 1.42 × 10−2 | 1.30 × 10−3 | 5.98 × 10−3 | 1.41 × 10−2 | 1.25 × 10−3 | 6.04 × 10−3 | |
ZIC-pHILIC | Uracil | 2.18 | 2.78 × 10−2 | 3.84 × 10−2 | 2.07 × 10−3 | 0.00 | 3.92 × 10−2 | 1.84 × 10−3 | 0.00 |
Adenosine | 3.70 | 4.11 × 10−2 | 8.70 × 10−2 | 1.37 × 10−3 | 9.12 × 10−3 | 8.31 × 10−2 | 1.50 × 10−3 | 1.26 × 10−2 | |
Uridine | 6.39 | 2.87 × 10−2 | 4.98 × 10−2 | 1.29 × 10−3 | 5.71 × 10−3 | 4.42 × 10−2 | 1.61 × 10−3 | 1.05 × 10−2 | |
Uridine | 7.31 | 3.26 × 10−2 | 5.45 × 10−2 | 1.50 × 10−3 | 9.31 × 10−3 | 5.84 × 10−2 | 1.25 × 10−3 | 5.97 × 10−3 | |
Uridine | 10.54 | 3.14 × 10−2 | 4.71 × 10−2 | 1.62 × 10−3 | 1.31 × 10−2 | 5.33 × 10−2 | 1.33 × 10−3 | 7.41 × 10−3 |
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Li, H.; Jiang, Z.; Desmet, G.; Cabooter, D. In-Depth Performance Analysis and Comparison of Monolithic and Particulate Zwitterionic Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography Polymer Columns. Molecules 2023, 28, 2902. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28072902
Li H, Jiang Z, Desmet G, Cabooter D. In-Depth Performance Analysis and Comparison of Monolithic and Particulate Zwitterionic Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography Polymer Columns. Molecules. 2023; 28(7):2902. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28072902
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Haibin, Zhengjin Jiang, Gert Desmet, and Deirdre Cabooter. 2023. "In-Depth Performance Analysis and Comparison of Monolithic and Particulate Zwitterionic Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography Polymer Columns" Molecules 28, no. 7: 2902. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28072902