Amino Acid Derivatives of Ginsenoside AD-2 Induce HepG2 Cell Apoptosis by Affecting the Cytoskeleton
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Effect of AD-2 Amino Acid Derivatives on the Proliferation of HepG2 Cells
2.2. Effect of AD-2 Derivative 6b on Cytotoxicity of Normal Cells
2.3. Effect of Amino Acid Derivative 6b of AD-2 on Colony Formation of HepG2 Cells
2.4. Effects of AD-2 Amino Acid Derivative 6b on Apoptosis of HepG2 Cells
2.5. Effect of Amino Acid Derivative 6b of AD-2 on Cytoskeleton
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Chemical and Reagents
4.2. Cell Cultures
4.3. Cell Viability Assay
4.4. Cytotoxicity Assay
4.5. Colony Formation Analysis
4.6. Western Blotting Analysis
4.7. Flow Cytometry
4.8. Phalloidin Staining
4.9. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
References
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Number | Compound | R1 | R2 | IC50 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1b | Boc-Ala | H | 13.44 ± 0.38 |
2 | 1c | Ala | H | 26.84 ± 4.45 |
3 | 2b | Boc-Val | H | 20.68 ± 2.36 |
4 | 2c | Val | H | 13.22 ± 2.52 |
5 | 3a | H | Boc-Gly | 7.05 ± 1.27 |
6 | 3b | Boc-Gly | H | 17.09 ± 4.1 |
7 | 3c | Gly | H | 11.47 ± 1.58 |
8 | 4b | Boc-Pro | H | 6.97 ± 2.71 |
9 | 4c | Pro | H | 15.50 ± 2.70 |
10 | 5a | H | Boc-Met | 11.28 ± 1.99 |
11 | 5b | Boc-Met | H | 9.79 ± 1.92 |
12 | 5c | Met | H | 20.14 ± 4.01 |
13 | 6a | H | Boc-Phe | 8.30 ± 3.86 |
14 | 6b | Boc-Phe | H | 8.25 ± 2.93 |
15 | 6c | Phe | H | 11.23 ± 1.36 |
16 | AD-2 | H | H | >100 |
17 | 5-FU | - | - | 43.8 ± 1.93 |
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Lin, L.; Zhao, Y.; Wang, P.; Li, T.; Liang, Y.; Chen, Y.; Meng, X.; Zhang, Y.; Su, G. Amino Acid Derivatives of Ginsenoside AD-2 Induce HepG2 Cell Apoptosis by Affecting the Cytoskeleton. Molecules 2023, 28, 7400. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28217400
Lin L, Zhao Y, Wang P, Li T, Liang Y, Chen Y, Meng X, Zhang Y, Su G. Amino Acid Derivatives of Ginsenoside AD-2 Induce HepG2 Cell Apoptosis by Affecting the Cytoskeleton. Molecules. 2023; 28(21):7400. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28217400
Chicago/Turabian StyleLin, Lizhen, Yuqing Zhao, Peng Wang, Tao Li, Yuhang Liang, Yu Chen, Xianyi Meng, Yudong Zhang, and Guangyue Su. 2023. "Amino Acid Derivatives of Ginsenoside AD-2 Induce HepG2 Cell Apoptosis by Affecting the Cytoskeleton" Molecules 28, no. 21: 7400. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28217400