Dental Bleaching with Phthalocyanine Photosensitizers: Effects on Dentin Color and Collagen Content
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. The Degradation of Orange II In Vitro by PDT
2.2. Development of Orange II-Stained Tooth Staining Model
2.3. Stained-Tooth Bleaching Experiments
2.4. The Restaining of Dentin Blocks after Tooth Bleaching
2.5. Physicochemical Properties of Post-Bleaching Dentin Surface
2.6. The Morphological Characterization of Dentin Collagen Fibers after Tooth Whitening
2.7. The In Vitro Effect of Bleaching Agents on Collagen Type I
2.8. Detection of Singlet Oxygen Production during PDT for Bleaching
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Preparation of ZnPc(Lys)5 Photosensitizer
3.2. Discoloration of Orange II by ZnPc(Lys)5 Photosensitizer and HP in Solution
- Group A: 200 μL of Orange II were reacted with 200 μL of deionized water under an indoor fluorescent lamp.
- Group B: 200 μL of Orange II were reacted with 200 μL of 10% HP under an indoor fluorescent lamp.
- Group C: 200 μL of Orange II were reacted with 200 μL of 30% HP under an indoor fluorescent lamp.
- Group D: 200 μL of Orange II were reacted with 200 μL of ZnPc(Lys)5 under an indoor fluorescent lamp.
- Group E: 200 μL of Orange II were reacted with 200 μL of deionized water under a 680 nm LED lamp.
- Group F: 200 μL of Orange II were reacted with 200 μL of 10% HP under a 680 nm LED lamp.
- Group G: 200 μL of Orange II were reacted with 200 μL of 30% HP under a 680 nm LED lamp.
- Group H: 200 μL of Orange II were reacted with 200 μL of ZnPc(Lys)5 under a 680 nm LED lamp.
3.3. Sample Preparation
3.4. Sample Treatments and Color Evaluation
3.5. SEM Characterization of Dentin Sections and Collagen Fibers
3.6. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Dentin Sections
3.7. Effects of Bleaching Agents on Collagen I
3.8. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) Measurement of Collagen I
3.9. Detection of Singlet Oxygen with SOSG
3.10. Statistical Analyses
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Sample Availability
References
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Group | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Control | ZnPc(Lys)5 | 10% HP | 30% HP | |
L* | 40.80 ± 0.93 | 41.06 ± 0.49 | 41.06 ± 1.32 | 40.47 ± 1.07 |
a* | 28.13 ± 0.83 | 26.33 ± 1.13 | 27.80 ± 1.04 | 26.93 ± 0.98 |
b* | 32.20 ± 1.72 | 32.93 ± 0.64 | 33.60 ± 1.30 | 33.00 ± 1.45 |
W | 26.95 ± 0.83 | 27.52 ± 0.45 | 26.67 ± 0.74 | 26.78 ± 1.09 |
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Wu, Z.; Wang, G.; Li, Z.; Li, Z.; Huang, D.; Huang, M.; Lin, M. Dental Bleaching with Phthalocyanine Photosensitizers: Effects on Dentin Color and Collagen Content. Molecules 2023, 28, 4223. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104223
Wu Z, Wang G, Li Z, Li Z, Huang D, Huang M, Lin M. Dental Bleaching with Phthalocyanine Photosensitizers: Effects on Dentin Color and Collagen Content. Molecules. 2023; 28(10):4223. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104223
Chicago/Turabian StyleWu, Zhouyan, Guodong Wang, Zhiming Li, Zhengquan Li, Dandan Huang, Mingdong Huang, and Minkui Lin. 2023. "Dental Bleaching with Phthalocyanine Photosensitizers: Effects on Dentin Color and Collagen Content" Molecules 28, no. 10: 4223. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104223