EGFR and COX-2 Dual Inhibitor: The Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Chalcones
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Chemistry
- (E)-1-(3-((2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)daizenyl)phenyl)ethan-1-one (A2)
- (E)-5-((3-Acetylphenyl)diazenyl)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid (A3)
- (E)-1-(3-((4-Hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl)phenyl)ethan-1-one (A4)
- (E)-1-(3-((2-Hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl)phenyl)ethan-1-one (A5)
- (E)-1-(3-((8-Hydroxyquinolin-5-yl)diazenyl)phenyl)ethan-1-one (A6)
- (E)-3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-1-(3-((E)-(4-hydroxyphenyl) diazenyl)phenyl) prop-2-en-1-one (C7)
- (E)-1-(3-((E)-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl) diazenyl) phenyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl) prop-2-en-1-one (C8)
- 5.
- -((Z)-(3-((E)-3-(4-Fluorophenyl)acryloyl)phenyl)diazenyl)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid (C9)
- (E)-3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-1-(4-((E)-(4-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl)phenyl) prop-2-en-1-one (C10)
- (E)-3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-1-(4-((E)-(2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl)phenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (C11)
- (E)-3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-1-(4-((E)-(8-hydroxyquinolin-5-yl)diazenyl)phenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (C12)
- (E)-3-(4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl)-1-(3-((E)-(4-hydroxyphenyl)diazenyl)phenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (C13)
- (E)-1-(3-((E)-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)diazenyl)phenyl)-3-(4-(dimethylamino) phenyl) prop-2-en-1-one (C14)
- 5.
- -((E)-(4-((E)-3-(4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl)acryloyl)phenyl)diazenyl)-2-hydroxy benzoic acid (C15)
- (E)-3-(4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl)-1-(3-((E)-(4-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl) phenyl) prop-2-en-1-one (C16)
- (E)-3-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-1-(3-((Z)-(2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl) phenyl) prop-2-en-1-one (C17)
- (E)-3-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-1-(3-((Z)-(8-hydroxyquinolin-5-yl)diazenyl) phenyl) prop-2-en-1-one (C18)
2.2. Cytotoxic Activity
2.3. Protein Kinase Inhibition Activity
2.4. Inhibition of Secretory PLA2-V, COX-1, COX-2 by Tested Compounds
2.5. Inhibition of Release of IL-6 and TNF-α in LPS-Stimulated Macrophages
2.6. Molecular Docking
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Synthesis of Azo-Derivatives (A1–A6)
3.2. Synthesis of Chalcones C7–C18, General Method
3.3. Cytotoxicity Assay
3.4. EGFR Inhibitory Activity
3.5. Assay of Secretory PLA2-V Activity
3.6. Cyclooxygenase Assay
3.7. Cell Treatment and ELISA Assay for IL-6 and TNF-α
3.8. Statistical Analysis
3.9. Virtual Docking Study
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Sample Availability
References
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N. | Code | Cell Viability % | Antiproliferative Activity IC50 ± SEM (µM) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HT-29 | PaCa-2 | A375 | H-460 | Panc-1 | |||
1. | A1 | 80.3 ± 1.6 | 8.3 ± 2.1 | 8.6 ± 1.2 | 9.3 ± 1.9 | 7.4 ± 2.2 | 9.1 ± 1.8 |
2. | A2 | 90.4 ± 1.9 | 9.2 ± 2.5 | 9.6 ± 1.5 | 8.4 ± 2.1 | 5.9 ± 2.4 | 9.6 ± 2.0 |
3. | A3 | 79.6 ± 4.5 | 1.8 ± 0.5 | 2.4 ± 1.5 | 4.0 ± 1.5 | 1.8 ± 0.4 | 2.2 ± 0.9 |
4. | A4 | 87.4 ± 1.7 | 2.7 ± 0.6 | 2.0 ± 0.6 | 4.4 ± 1.9 | 3.4 ± 1.0 | 2.0 ± 0.4 |
5. | A5 | 88.2 ± 1.2 | 11.9 ± 2.5 | 10.5 ± 1.9 | 9.6 ± 2.4 | 9.2 ± 1.2 | 9.6 ± 1.8 |
6. | A6 | 82.5 ± 1.7 | 7.6 ± 1.4 | 9.5 ± 1.9 | 9.5 ± 1.5 | 8.8 ± 2.3 | 6.9 ± 2.1 |
7. | C7 | 82.6 ± 1.2 | 4.5 ± 1.7 | 2.9 ± 1.7 | 5.3 ± 1.5 | 5.0 ± 1.4 | 4.8 ± 1.6 |
8. | C8 | 83.5 ± 1.2 | 2.5 ± 07 | 2.8 ± 0.6 | 2.6 ± 0.5 | 2.2 ± 0.5 | 1.9 ± 0.7 |
9. | C9 | 90.2 ± 4.1 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 2.1 ± 0.3 | 3.2 ± 1.1 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 1.8 ± 0.4 |
10. | C10 | 91.2 ± 2.9 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.4 | 2.6 ± 1.0 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.5 |
11. | C11 | 82.2 ± 2.4 | 2.9 ± 1.0 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 3.5 ± 1.2 | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 1.6 ± 0.5 |
12. | C12 | 92.0 ± 2.0 | 1.4 ± 0.5 | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 2.4 ± 1.1 | 1.9 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.7 |
13. | C13 | 90.6 ± 1.7 | 7.8 ± 1.8 | 7.4 ± 1.7 | 8.4 ± 1.5 | 6.6 ± 1.2 | 8.7 ± 1.4 |
14. | C14 | 89.4 ± 2.1 | 6.5 ± 1.4 | 5.9 ± 1.9 | 4.9 ± 1.6 | 5.2 ± 1.3 | 4.6 ± 1.7 |
15. | C15 | 87.3 ± 2.1 | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 2.3 ± 0.4 | 3.4 ± 1.8 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.1 |
16. | C16 | 92.5 ± 2.0 | 1.8 ± 0.4 | 1.9 ± 0.5 | 2.8 ± 1.0 | 2.9 ± 1.0 | 1.8 ± 0.5 |
17. | C17 | 87.2 ± 1.4 | 9.2 ± 1.6 | 7.5 ± 1.9 | 8.8 ± 2.5 | 5.6 ± 2.1 | 2.5 ± 1.2 |
18. | C18 | 88.4 ± 2.9 | 6.7 ± 0.6 | 6.4 ± 1.5 | 8.8 ± 2.5 | 6.3 ± 1.4 | 6.4 ± 0.4 |
19. | Erlotinib | - | 0.07 ± 0.04 | 0.06 ± 0.04 | 4.14 ± 1.2 | 0.04 ± 0.02 | 0.05 ± 0.02 |
Compound | EGFR Inhibition IC50 ± SEM (µM) |
---|---|
A3 | 4.3 ± 0.7 |
A4 | 3.2 ± 0.8 |
C7 | 5.8 ± 1.1 |
C8 | 4.9 ± 0.9 |
C9 | 0.8 ± 0.3 |
C10 | 1.1 ± 0.0.2 |
C11 | 7.2 ± 1.4 |
C12 | 6.3 ± 1.7 |
C15 | 2.8 ± 0.5 |
C16 | 2.9 ± 0.4 |
Erlotinib | 0.05 ± 0.02 |
Compound | sPLA2-V IC50 (µM) | COX-1 IC50 (µM) | COX-2 IC50 (µM) |
---|---|---|---|
A2 | 7.25 ± 1.24 | 22.2 ± 2.45 | 27.92 ± 1.65 |
A3 | 2.14 ± 0.94 | 0.21 ± 0.07 | 2.40 ± 0.8 |
A4 | 14.14 ± 1.52 | 11.12 ± 1.05 | 16.78 ± 2.43 |
A5 | 4.24 ± 1.16 | 9.23 ± 1.64 | 14.25 ± 1.79 |
A6 | 7.42 ± 1.41 | 4.85 ± 1.20 | 5.21 ± 1.2 |
C7 | 24.72 ± 1.59 | 7.52 ± 1.42 | 29.42 ± 1.73 |
C8 | 14.21 ± 1.32 | 5.14 ± 1.27 | 32.15 ± 1.40 |
C9 | 2.74 ± 1.24 | 8.57 ± 1.89 | 1.27 ± 0.3 |
C10 | 3.14 ± 0.64 | 7.37 ± 1.44 | 1.88 ± 0.4 |
C11 | 5.57 ± 1.19 | 1.95 ± 1.07 | 7.53 ± 0.9 |
C12 | 7.45 ± 1.23 | 2.24 ± 1.06 | 5.47 ± 0.8 |
C13 | 5.06 ± 1.20 | 18.29 ± 1.27 | 19.22 ± 1.52 |
C14 | 7.04 ± 1.29 | 11.55 ± 1.20 | 5.14 ± 1.1 |
C15 | 2.01 ± 1.11 | 1.9 ± 0.23 | 0.95 ± 0.2 |
C16 | 2.51 ± 1.05 | 7.10 ± 1.29 | 6.89 ± 0.8 |
C17 | 9.45 ± 1.67 | 49.11 ± 2.69 | 5.29 ± 1.1 |
C18 | 8.29 ± 0.88 | 40.17 ± 3.42 | 3.20 ± 0.6 |
Dexamethasone | 0.57 ± 0.06 | - | - |
Indomethacin * | - | 0.27 ± 0.04 | 3.29 ± 0.5 |
Compound | % Inhibition of IL-6 | Relative Amount of LPS | % Inhibition of TNF-α | Relative Amount of LPS |
---|---|---|---|---|
3 | 72 | 28 | 79 | 21 |
4 | 46 | 54 | 49 | 51 |
9 | 77 | 23 | 74 | 26 |
10 | 77 | 23 | 76 | 24 |
15 | 78 | 22 | 81 | 19 |
16 | 69 | 31 | 72 | 28 |
18 | 73 | 17 | 71 | 29 |
LPS Control | 0 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
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Musa, A.; Mostafa, E.M.; Bukhari, S.N.A.; Alotaibi, N.H.; El-Ghorab, A.H.; Farouk, A.; Nayl, A.A.; Ghoneim, M.M.; Abdelgawad, M.A. EGFR and COX-2 Dual Inhibitor: The Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Chalcones. Molecules 2022, 27, 1158. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27041158
Musa A, Mostafa EM, Bukhari SNA, Alotaibi NH, El-Ghorab AH, Farouk A, Nayl AA, Ghoneim MM, Abdelgawad MA. EGFR and COX-2 Dual Inhibitor: The Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Chalcones. Molecules. 2022; 27(4):1158. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27041158
Chicago/Turabian StyleMusa, Arafa, Ehab M. Mostafa, Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari, Nasser Hadal Alotaibi, Ahmed H. El-Ghorab, Amr Farouk, AbdElAziz A. Nayl, Mohammed M. Ghoneim, and Mohamed A. Abdelgawad. 2022. "EGFR and COX-2 Dual Inhibitor: The Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Chalcones" Molecules 27, no. 4: 1158. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27041158