Optimization of Extraction Conditions and Characterization of Volatile Organic Compounds of Eugenia klotzschiana O. Berg Fruit Pulp
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Evaluation of the Effect of Independent Variables on the Extraction of VOCs
2.1.1. Extraction Temperature
2.1.2. Extraction Time
2.1.3. Sample Weight
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Sample Acquisition
3.2. Experimental Design
3.3. Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction (HS-SPME)
3.4. Gas Chromatography Coupled with Mass Spectrometry Analysis and Identification of Volatile Compounds
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Sample Availability
Appendix A
N. | Name | Formula | CAS | Reference | PA | PDMS/ DVB | CAR/PDMS/DVB |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Monoterpenes | |||||||
01 | (±)-α-pinene | C10H16 | 80-56-8 | [10] | X | ||
02 | p-mentha-1,8-dien-7-ol | C10H14O | 536-59-4 | [37] | X | ||
03 | (2S, 5S)-2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylbicyclo [3.1.0] hexan-2-ol | C10H18O | ------------ | X | |||
04 | myrtenol | C10H16O | 515-00-4 | [30] | X | ||
05 | p-mentha-3,8-diene | C10H16 | 586-67-4 | [38] | X | ||
06 | (±)-camphene | C10H16 | 79-92-5 | [29] | X | ||
07 | α-fenchene | C10H16 | 471-84-1 | [10] | X | X | |
08 | linalyl acetate | C12H20O2 | 115-95-7 | [31] | X | ||
09 | ocimene | C10H16 | 29714-87-2 | [31] | X | X | |
10 | (−)-lavandulol | C10H18O | 498-16-8 | [31] | X | ||
11 | sabinene hydrate trans acetate | C12H20O2 | ------------ | ------------ | X | ||
12 | isogeraniol | C10H18O | 5944-20-7 | [30] | X | ||
Sesquiterpenes | |||||||
13 | δ-elemene | C15H24 | 20307-84-0 | [10] | X | X | |
14 | isoledene | C15H24 | 95910-36-4 | [21] | X | ||
15 | β-guaiene | C15H24 | 88-84-6 | [39] | X | ||
16 | α-humulene | C15H24 | ------------ | [29] | X | X | |
17 | (+)-calarene | C15H24 | 17334-55-3 | [40] | X | X | |
18 | cadinene | C15H24 | 29350-73-0 | [21] | X | ||
19 | viridiflorene | C15H24 | 21747-46-6 | [10] | X | ||
20 | α-guaiene | C15H24 | 3691-12-1 | [10] | X | X | |
21 | γ-himachalene | C15H24 | 53111-25-4 | [10] | X | ||
22 | (−)-γ-muurolene | C15H24 | 24268-39-1 | [10] | X | X | |
23 | acoradiene | C15H24 | 24048-44-0 | [41] | X | X | |
24 | (+)-cyclosativene | C15H24 | 22469-52-9 | [21] | X | X | |
25 | (−)-caryophyllene | C15H24 | 87-44-5 | [21] | X | ||
26 | cadina-3,9-diene | C15H24 | 523-47-7 | [42] | X | ||
27 | globulol | C15H26O | 489-41-8 | [10] | X | X | |
28 | patchoulene | C15H24 | ----------- | [10] | X | ||
29 | α-caryophyllene alcohol | C15H26O | 4586-22-5 | [43] | X | ||
30 | (−)-guaiol | C15H26O | 489-86-1 | [10] | X | ||
31 | cedryl acetate | C17H28O2 | 77-54-3 | [44] | X | ||
32 | 2-naphthalenol,2,3,4,4alpha,5,6, 7-octahydro-1,4alpha-dimethyl-7-(2-hydroxi-1-methylethyl) | C15H26O2 | ----------- | ----------- | X | ||
33 | spiro [4.5]decan-7-one, 1,8-dimethyl-8,9-epoxi-4-isopropyl | C15H24O2 | 61050-91-7 | [20] | X | ||
Other | |||||||
34 | N-(2-hydroxipropyl) ethylenediamine | C15H14N2O | 123-84-2 | ----------- | X | ||
35 | ethyl hexanoate | C8H16O2 | 123-66-0 | [45] | X | ||
36 | benzyl alcohol | C7H8O | 100-51-6 | [45] | X | ||
37 | benzyl acetate | C9H10O2 | 140-11-4 | [46] | X | X | X |
38 | (E)-3,7-dimetlnon-6-enal | C11H20O | ----------- | ----------- | X | ||
Total compounds identified by each fiber | 18 | 23 | 08 |
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Mariano, A.P.X.; Ramos, A.L.C.C.; de Oliveira Júnior, A.H.; García, Y.M.; de Paula, A.C.C.F.F.; Silva, M.R.; Augusti, R.; de Araújo, R.L.B.; Melo, J.O.F. Optimization of Extraction Conditions and Characterization of Volatile Organic Compounds of Eugenia klotzschiana O. Berg Fruit Pulp. Molecules 2022, 27, 935. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27030935
Mariano APX, Ramos ALCC, de Oliveira Júnior AH, García YM, de Paula ACCFF, Silva MR, Augusti R, de Araújo RLB, Melo JOF. Optimization of Extraction Conditions and Characterization of Volatile Organic Compounds of Eugenia klotzschiana O. Berg Fruit Pulp. Molecules. 2022; 27(3):935. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27030935
Chicago/Turabian StyleMariano, Ana P. X., Ana L. C. C. Ramos, Afonso H. de Oliveira Júnior, Yesenia M. García, Ana C. C. F. F. de Paula, Mauro R. Silva, Rodinei Augusti, Raquel L. B. de Araújo, and Júlio O. F. Melo. 2022. "Optimization of Extraction Conditions and Characterization of Volatile Organic Compounds of Eugenia klotzschiana O. Berg Fruit Pulp" Molecules 27, no. 3: 935. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27030935