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Review

3,4-Dihydro-2(1H)-Pyridones as Building Blocks of Synthetic Relevance

by
Sisa Chalán-Gualán
1,
Vida Castro
2,
Ruth Oropeza
1,
Margarita Suárez
3,
Fernando Albericio
4,5,6,* and
Hortensia Rodríguez
1,*
1
School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Yachay University for Experimental Technology and Research (Yachay Tech), Yachay City of Knowledge, Urcuqui 100119, Ecuador
2
Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
3
Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de La Habana, Ciudad Habana 10400, Cuba
4
CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
5
Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona and CIBER-BBN, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
6
School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2022, 27(16), 5070; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27165070
Submission received: 28 June 2022 / Revised: 28 July 2022 / Accepted: 31 July 2022 / Published: 9 August 2022
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Abstract

3,4-Dihydro-2(1H)-pyridones (3,4-DHPo) and their derivatives are privileged structures, which has increased their relevance due to their biological activity in front of a broad range of targets, but especially for their importance as synthetic precursors of a variety of compounds with marked biological activity. Taking into account the large number of contributions published over the years regarding this kind of heterocycle, here, we presented a current view of 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-pyridones (3,4-DHPo). The review includes general aspects such as those related to nomenclature, synthesis, and biological activity, but also highlights the importance of DHPos as building blocks of other relevant structures. Additional to the conventional multicomponent synthesis of the mentioned heterocycle, nonconventional procedures are revised, demonstrating the increasing efficiency and allowing reactions to be carried out in the absence of the solvent, becoming an important contribution to green chemistry. Biological activities of 3,4-DHPo, such as vasorelaxant, anti-HIV, antitumor, antibacterial, and antifungal, have demonstrated this heterocycle’s potential in medicinal chemistry.
Keywords: 3,4-DHPo; 1,4-DHPs; multicomponent reaction; nonconventional synthesis; synthetic precursors 3,4-DHPo; 1,4-DHPs; multicomponent reaction; nonconventional synthesis; synthetic precursors
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MDPI and ACS Style

Chalán-Gualán, S.; Castro, V.; Oropeza, R.; Suárez, M.; Albericio, F.; Rodríguez, H. 3,4-Dihydro-2(1H)-Pyridones as Building Blocks of Synthetic Relevance. Molecules 2022, 27, 5070. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27165070

AMA Style

Chalán-Gualán S, Castro V, Oropeza R, Suárez M, Albericio F, Rodríguez H. 3,4-Dihydro-2(1H)-Pyridones as Building Blocks of Synthetic Relevance. Molecules. 2022; 27(16):5070. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27165070

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chalán-Gualán, Sisa, Vida Castro, Ruth Oropeza, Margarita Suárez, Fernando Albericio, and Hortensia Rodríguez. 2022. "3,4-Dihydro-2(1H)-Pyridones as Building Blocks of Synthetic Relevance" Molecules 27, no. 16: 5070. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27165070

APA Style

Chalán-Gualán, S., Castro, V., Oropeza, R., Suárez, M., Albericio, F., & Rodríguez, H. (2022). 3,4-Dihydro-2(1H)-Pyridones as Building Blocks of Synthetic Relevance. Molecules, 27(16), 5070. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27165070

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