A Glossary for Chemical Approaches towards Unlocking the Trove of Metabolic Treasures in Actinomycetes
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Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
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Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
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Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
4
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City 61111, Egypt
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Bruno Botta, Enrique Barrajon, Vicente Micol and María Herranz-López
Molecules 2022, 27(1), 142; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010142
Received: 30 October 2021
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Revised: 20 December 2021
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Accepted: 22 December 2021
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Published: 27 December 2021
(This article belongs to the Collection Featured Reviews in Natural Products Chemistry)
Actinobacterial natural products showed a critical basis for the discovery of new antibiotics as well as other lead secondary metabolites. Varied environmental and physiological signals touch the antibiotic machinery that faced a serious decline in the last decades. The reason was exposed by genomic sequencing data, which revealed that Actinomycetes harbor a large portion of silent biosynthetic gene clusters in their genomes that encrypt for secondary metabolites. These gene clusters are linked with a great reservoir of yet unknown molecules, and arranging them is considered a major challenge for biotechnology approaches. In the present paper, we discuss the recent strategies that have been taken to augment the yield of secondary metabolites via awakening these cryptic genes in Actinomycetes with emphasis on chemical signaling molecules used to induce the antibiotics biosynthesis. The rationale, types, applications and mechanisms are discussed in detail, to reveal the productive path for the unearthing of new metabolites, covering the literature until the end of 2020.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Zhang, J.; Hassan, H.A.; Abdelmohsen, U.R.; Zahran, E.M. A Glossary for Chemical Approaches towards Unlocking the Trove of Metabolic Treasures in Actinomycetes. Molecules 2022, 27, 142. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010142
AMA Style
Zhang J, Hassan HA, Abdelmohsen UR, Zahran EM. A Glossary for Chemical Approaches towards Unlocking the Trove of Metabolic Treasures in Actinomycetes. Molecules. 2022; 27(1):142. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010142
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Jianye, Heba A. Hassan, Usama R. Abdelmohsen, and Eman M. Zahran. 2022. "A Glossary for Chemical Approaches towards Unlocking the Trove of Metabolic Treasures in Actinomycetes" Molecules 27, no. 1: 142. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010142
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