A Novel Solid Nanocrystals Self-Stabilized Pickering Emulsion Prepared by Spray-Drying with Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin as Carriers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Preparation of Liquid NSSPE
2.3. Selection of the Carrier for Solid NSSPE
2.3.1. Preparation of Solid NSSPE
2.3.2. Reconstitution Properties of Solid NSSPE
2.3.3. Microstructure Analysis of Solid NSSPE with HP-β-CD
Morphological Analysis of Solid NSSPE
Fluorescence Microscopy and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy
Characterization of Puerarin Nanocrystals Adsorbed at the Oil–Water Interface
2.4. Optimization of Spray Drying Process by Box–Behnken Design
2.4.1. Oil Leakage Rate of Reconstituted Emulsions
2.4.2. Drug Content in the Solid NSSPE
2.5. In Vitro Dissolution Test
2.6. Physical Stability of Solid NSSPE
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussions
3.1. Effects of Solid Carriers on Reconstitution of Solid NSSPE
3.2. Microstructure Analysis of the Solid NSSPE with HP-β-CD
3.3. Optimization of Spray-Drying Process by Box-Behnken Design
3.4. In Vitro Dissolution Test
3.5. Physical Stability of Solid NSSPE
4. Conclusion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Sample Availability
References
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Sample | Emulsion Droplet Size/μm | Particle Size of Adsorbed Nanocrystals/nm | Adsorption Rate of Nanocrystals/% |
---|---|---|---|
the liquid NSSPE | 3.05 ± 0.38 | 264.4 ± 9.8 | 29.3 ± 0.5 |
Reconstituted emulsion from the solid NSSPE | 2.81 ± 0.14 | 280.9 ± 10.9 | 26.8 ± 1.7 |
Number | Amount of Solid Carrier (X1) | Feed Pump Parameter (X2) | Inlet Air Temperature (X3)/°C | Oil Leakage Rate (Y1)/% | Droplet Size of Reconstituted Emulsion (Y2)/μm | Drug Content in Solid NSSPE (Y3)/mgg−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0(10%) | 0 (15) | 0(130) | 0 | 4.08 | 38.95 |
2 | 0(10%) | 0(15) | 0(130) | 0 | 3.65 | 38.68 |
3 | 0(10%) | 0(15) | 0(130) | 0 | 3.57 | 38.65 |
4 | 0(10%) | 0(15) | 0(130) | 0 | 4.00 | 38.79 |
5 | 0(10%) | 0(15) | 0(130) | 0 | 4.49 | 38.86 |
6 | 0(10%) | 1(25) | −1(110) | 0 | 4.04 | 38.56 |
7 | −1(5%) | 0(15) | 1(150) | 1.52 | 8.04 | 53.05 |
8 | 0(10%) | 1(25) | 1(150) | 0 | 3.55 | 37.78 |
9 | 0(10%) | −1(5) | 1(150) | 0 | 3.61 | 39.08 |
10 | −1(5%) | 1(25) | 0(130) | 1.39 | 7.16 | 60.07 |
11 | 1(15%) | 0(15) | −1(110) | 0 | 3.00 | 29.56 |
12 | 1(15%) | 1(25) | 0(130) | 0 | 2.62 | 29.90 |
13 | −1(5%) | −1(5) | 0(130) | 1.69 | 7.31 | 57.53 |
14 | 1(15%) | 0(15) | 1(150) | 0 | 2.78 | 31.59 |
15 | 1(15%) | −1(5) | 0(130) | 0 | 3.10 | 30.53 |
16 | 0(10%) | −1(5) | −1(110) | 0 | 4.28 | 37.87 |
17 | −1(5%) | 0(15) | −1(110) | 1.36 | 8.18 | 56.48 |
Response | Oil Separation Rate (Y1)/% | Droplet Size (Y2)/μm | Drug Content in the Solid NSSPE (Y3)/mg·g−1 |
---|---|---|---|
Predictive value | −01779 | 2.85 | 34.91 |
Measured value | 0 | 2.81 ± 0.14 | 31.26 ± 0.63 |
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Zhang, J.; Wang, Y.; Wang, J.; Yi, T. A Novel Solid Nanocrystals Self-Stabilized Pickering Emulsion Prepared by Spray-Drying with Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin as Carriers. Molecules 2021, 26, 1809. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26061809
Zhang J, Wang Y, Wang J, Yi T. A Novel Solid Nanocrystals Self-Stabilized Pickering Emulsion Prepared by Spray-Drying with Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin as Carriers. Molecules. 2021; 26(6):1809. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26061809
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Jifen, Yanhua Wang, Jirui Wang, and Tao Yi. 2021. "A Novel Solid Nanocrystals Self-Stabilized Pickering Emulsion Prepared by Spray-Drying with Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin as Carriers" Molecules 26, no. 6: 1809. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26061809