Biflavonoids from Selaginella doederleinii as Potential Antitumor Agents for Intervention of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Structural Elucidation
2.2. Assessment of Anti-Proliferative Activity of Compounds 1–5 in NSCLC Cells
2.3. Compound 1–3 Induced Apoptosis in A549 Cells
2.4. Compound 1–3 Promoted Upregulation of Caspase-3/Cleaved-Caspase-3 in A549 Cells
2.5. Compound 1–3 Reduced the of Expression of XIAP and Survivin in A549 Cells
2.6. Compounds 3 Caused Cell Cycle Arrest in A549 Cells
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. General Experimental Procedures
4.2. Plant Material
4.3. Extraction and Isolation
4.4. Cell Culture
4.5. Cytotoxicity Assay
4.6. Morphological Observations
4.7. Apoptosis Assay
4.8. Cell Cycle Analysis
4.9. Western Blotting Assay
4.10. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Sample Availability
References
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Position | 1 a | 2 a | 3 a | 4 b |
---|---|---|---|---|
6 | 6.24, d (2.0) | 6.05, d (2.0) | 6.26, d (2.0) | 6.24, d (1.6) |
8 | 6.54, d (2.0) | 6.32, d (2.0) | 6.55, d (2.0) | 6.54, d (1.6) |
7-OCH3 | 3.87, s | |||
2′/6′ | 7.87, d (8.5) | 7.78, d (9.0) | 7.84, d (9.0) | 7.87, d (8.8) |
3′/5′ | 6.89, d (8.5) | 6.84, d (9.0) | 6.89, d (9.0) | 6.89, d (8.8) |
2″ | 5.50, dd (13.0, 3.0) | 5.46, dd (12.8, 2.4) | ||
3″ | 3.26, dd (17.0, 3.0) | 6.77, s | 6.95, s | 3.24, dd (16.8, 2.4) |
2.71, dd (17.0, 3.0) | 2.72, dd, (16.8, 2.4) | |||
6″ | 5.89, d (2.0) | 6.40, d (2.0) | ||
8″ | 5.90, d (2.0) | 6.43, s | 6.78, d (2.0) | 5.99, s |
6″-CH3 | 1.97, s | 1.88, s | ||
2′′′/6′′′ | 7.45, d (8.5) | 7.95, d (8.5) | 8.04, d (9.0) | 7.44, d (8.8) |
3′′′/5′′′ | 7.10, d (8.5) | 7.19, d (8.5) | 7.27, d (9.0) | 7.10, d (8.8) |
5-OH | 12.30, s | 12.21, br s | 12.24, s | 12.31, br s |
7-OH | 10.96, br s | 10.89, br s | ||
4′-OH | 10.37, br s | 10.38, br s | 10.39, br s | |
5″-OH | 12.14, s | 13.07, br s | 12.88, s | 12.40, s |
7″-OH | 10.82, br s | 11.04, br s | 10.89, br s |
Position | 1 a | 2 a | 3 a | 4 b |
---|---|---|---|---|
2 | 160.7 | 161.5 | 160.8 | 161.1 |
3 | 132.1 | 131.8 | 131.8 | 132.4 |
4 | 176.4 | 175.6 | 176.1 | 176.8 |
5 | 161.3 | 161.5 | 161.3 | 161.6 |
6 | 99.0 | 100.7 | 99.1 | 99.3 |
7 | 164.6 | 163.2 | 164.7 | 165.0 |
8 | 94.2 | 95.3 | 93.0 | 94.6 |
9 | 156.9 | 156.6 | 156.9 | 157.2 |
10 | 104.3 | 104.4 | 104.3 | 104.6 |
7-OCH3 | 56.2 | |||
1′ | 120.0 | 120.0 | 119.9 | 120.3 |
2′/6′ | 130.3 | 130.4 | 130.3 | 130.6 |
3′/5′ | 115.9 | 116.3 | 115.9 | 116.2 |
4′ | 157.1 | 155.8 | 157.2 | 157.5 |
2″ | 78.2 | 162.6 | 163.5 | 78.5 |
3″ | 42.1 | 104.4 | 104.5 | 42.5 |
4″ | 196.2 | 181.7 | 182.2 | 196.7 |
5″ | 163.6 | 158.8 | 161.3 | 161.2 |
6″ | 96.0 | 107.8 | 98.2 | 103.8 |
7″ | 166.8 | 165.4 | 165.4 | 165.1 |
8″ | 95.1 | 93.8 | 94.4 | 94.7 |
9″ | 163.0 | 157.6 | 157.5 | 160.7 |
10″ | 101.9 | 103.3 | 104.9 | 101.9 |
6″-CH3 | 8.0 | 7.4 | ||
1′′′ | 132.7 | 125.5 | 125.0 | 133.2 |
2′′′/6′′′ | 128.6 | 128.7 | 128.8 | 128.9 |
3′′′/5′′′ | 115.1 | 116.1 | 115.9 | 115.4 |
4′′′ | 157.1 | 160.0 | 159.8 | 157.2 |
Compounds | IC50 (μM) a | ||
---|---|---|---|
A549 | H1299 | MRC-5 | |
1 | 3.1 c,d | 7.3 c,d | >100 |
2 | 2.8 c,d | 7.3 c,d | >100 |
3 | 2.3 c,d | 4.0 c,d | >100 |
4 | 3.1 c,d | 6.8 c,d | 58.2 |
5 | 7.9 c,d | 8.4 c,d | 36.8 |
DDP b | 13.3 | 24.5 | 49.0 |
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Kang, F.; Zhang, S.; Chen, D.; Tan, J.; Kuang, M.; Zhang, J.; Zeng, G.; Xu, K.; Zou, Z.; Tan, G. Biflavonoids from Selaginella doederleinii as Potential Antitumor Agents for Intervention of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Molecules 2021, 26, 5401. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26175401
Kang F, Zhang S, Chen D, Tan J, Kuang M, Zhang J, Zeng G, Xu K, Zou Z, Tan G. Biflavonoids from Selaginella doederleinii as Potential Antitumor Agents for Intervention of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Molecules. 2021; 26(17):5401. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26175401
Chicago/Turabian StyleKang, Fenghua, Sha Zhang, Dekun Chen, Jianbing Tan, Min Kuang, Jinlin Zhang, Guangyuan Zeng, Kangping Xu, Zhenxing Zou, and Guishan Tan. 2021. "Biflavonoids from Selaginella doederleinii as Potential Antitumor Agents for Intervention of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer" Molecules 26, no. 17: 5401. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26175401