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Article

Water-Based Aerosol for Book Deacidification: Experimental Apparatus and Theoretical Interpretation of Results

by
Giuseppe Chidichimo
,
Alessandra Crispini
,
Antonio Tursi
*,
Maria Rita Basile
,
Ilaria Lania
,
Giovanni De Filpo
,
Cesare Oliviero Rossi
and
Francesca Scarpelli
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2021, 26(14), 4249; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144249
Submission received: 16 May 2021 / Revised: 7 July 2021 / Accepted: 9 July 2021 / Published: 13 July 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Chemistry in Cultural Heritage)
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Abstract

One of the major problems in book conservation is the long-term deconstructive effect of acidity introduced into the paper by several additives, which, in the presence of humidity, generates a hydrogen cation with a strong catalytic role in cellulose depolymerization. Many types of treatment have been used in the past, but up to now, research for less-invasive, fast and cheap methods is still vividly ongoing. In this study, an approach to book deacidification is presented, where alkaline water solutions are administered to bound books in the form of micrometer-sized aerosol droplets, without using vacuum apparatus accessories. Alkaline clouds treatments were alternated with gentle air fluxes of drying steps. Few cycles are required to achieve uniform deacidification of books. The treatment could be conducted with proper apparatus on large volumes, resulting in rapid treatment time and low cost. The titration curve reporting the variation of book pH, with respect to the amount of absorbed alkaline aerosol, was built and interpreted in terms of a chemical model for the neutralization process. FTIR, PXRD and XRF spectroscopies were used to characterize the book chemistry. The effects of the treatment on the book were evaluated by measuring the degree of polymerization (DP) of the paper and the colorimetric coordinates of the paper and ink. Artificial aging tests revealed a general increase in the aging stability of the deacidified paper samples with respect to the untreated samples. Finally, the alkaline reserve data are discussed.
Keywords: paper deacidification; pH; X-ray fluorescence; FTIR spectroscopy; PXRD; alkaline reserve paper deacidification; pH; X-ray fluorescence; FTIR spectroscopy; PXRD; alkaline reserve

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MDPI and ACS Style

Chidichimo, G.; Crispini, A.; Tursi, A.; Basile, M.R.; Lania, I.; De Filpo, G.; Rossi, C.O.; Scarpelli, F. Water-Based Aerosol for Book Deacidification: Experimental Apparatus and Theoretical Interpretation of Results. Molecules 2021, 26, 4249. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144249

AMA Style

Chidichimo G, Crispini A, Tursi A, Basile MR, Lania I, De Filpo G, Rossi CO, Scarpelli F. Water-Based Aerosol for Book Deacidification: Experimental Apparatus and Theoretical Interpretation of Results. Molecules. 2021; 26(14):4249. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144249

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chidichimo, Giuseppe, Alessandra Crispini, Antonio Tursi, Maria Rita Basile, Ilaria Lania, Giovanni De Filpo, Cesare Oliviero Rossi, and Francesca Scarpelli. 2021. "Water-Based Aerosol for Book Deacidification: Experimental Apparatus and Theoretical Interpretation of Results" Molecules 26, no. 14: 4249. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144249

APA Style

Chidichimo, G., Crispini, A., Tursi, A., Basile, M. R., Lania, I., De Filpo, G., Rossi, C. O., & Scarpelli, F. (2021). Water-Based Aerosol for Book Deacidification: Experimental Apparatus and Theoretical Interpretation of Results. Molecules, 26(14), 4249. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144249

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