Equilibria in Aqueous Cobalt(II)—Reduced Schiff Base N-(2-hydroxybenzyl)alanine System: Chemical Characterization, Kinetic Analysis, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Properties
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussions
2.1. Protonation and Complex Formation Equilibria
2.2. ESI-MS Results
2.3. UV/Vis Spectra
2.4. Kinetic Analysis
2.5. Biological Activity
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Materials
3.2. pH-Metric Titrations
3.3. Electrospray-Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) Measurements
3.4. Spectrophotometric Measurements
3.5. Kinetics
3.6. Biological Assays
3.6.1. Investigation of Antimicrobial Properties
3.6.2. Cell Cultures
Measurements of Cellular Metabolic. Activity and Global Growth Inhibition
DAPI Staining of Cell Nuclei
3.6.3. Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Samples of the compounds are available from the authors. |
Species | log10 βmlh | Stepwise Dissociation Constants | Related Constants | λmax (εmax) |
---|---|---|---|---|
[L]2− | 236 (8.2 × 103) | |||
292 (3.5 × 103) | ||||
[LH]− | 10.73(1) (OH) | pKa3 10.73 | 237 (6.1 × 103) | |
291 (2.6 × 103) | ||||
[LH2] | 19.36(1) (NH2+) | pKa2 8.63 2 | ~240sh (4.1 × 103) | |
274 (2.1 × 103) | ||||
[LH3]+ | 21.66(2) (COOH) | pKa1 2.30 3 | ~298sh (1.6 × 103) | |
σ; n1 | 5.82; 804 | |||
[CoL] | 7.98(1) | 508 (21) | ||
[CoL2]2− | 13.35(2) | 483 (31) | ||
[CoL3]4− | 16.39(4) | |||
[CoLH]+ | 13.64(10) | 2.92 4 | ||
21.78(2) | 11.06 5 | |||
[CoL2H]− | 26.35(4) | 15.63 6 | ||
[CoL3H]3− | ||||
σ; n1 | 5.85; 455 |
Microorganism | MIC/MBC (mM) | MIC = MBC (mM) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AlaSal | Co(II) Alone | Co(II)–AlaSal Complexes | Gentamicin | Amphotericin B | Amoxicillin | ||||
MIC | MBC | MIC | MBC | MIC | MBC | ||||
Gram-negative bacteria | |||||||||
Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 | 1.82 | 1.82 | 0.91 | 1.82 | 1.82 | 1.82 | <0.008 | - | - |
Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 | 7.30 | >7.30 | 1.82 | 1.82 | 7.30 | >7.30 | <0.004 | - | - |
Helicobacter pylori CCUC 17874 | 7.30 | >7.30 | 1.82 | >7.30 | 3.65 | 3.65 | - | - | <0.001 |
Helicobacter pylori ATCC 700392 | 7.30 | >7.30 | 1.82 | >7.30 | 3.65 | 3.65 | - | - | <0.001 |
Gram-positive bacteria | |||||||||
Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 | 7.30 | >7.30 | 1.82 | 1.82 | 1.82 | 3.65 | <0.26 | - | - |
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 | 7.30 | >7.30 | 0.91 | 0.91 | 1.82 | 3.65 | <0.002 | - | - |
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 | 7.30 | >7.30 | 0.91 | 0.91 | 1.82 | 3.65 | <0.002 | - | - |
Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 | 7.30 | >7.30 | 0.91 | 0.91 | 1.82 | 3.65 | <0.002 | - | - |
Fungi | |||||||||
Candida albicans ATTC 10231 | 3.65 | >7.30 | 0.23 | 3.65 | 1.82 | 3.65 | - | <0.001 | - |
Candida glabrata ATCC 2001 | 3.65 | >7.30 | 0.23 | 3.65 | 1.82 | 3.65 | - | <0.001 | - |
Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 | 3.65 | >7.30 | 0.23 | 7.30 | 1.82 | 3.65 | - | <0.001 | - |
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Woźniczka, M.; Sutradhar, M.; Pombeiro, A.J.L.; Świątek, M.; Pająk, M.; Gądek-Sobczyńska, J.; Chmiela, M.; Gonciarz, W.; Pasternak, B.; Kufelnicki, A. Equilibria in Aqueous Cobalt(II)—Reduced Schiff Base N-(2-hydroxybenzyl)alanine System: Chemical Characterization, Kinetic Analysis, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Properties. Molecules 2020, 25, 3462. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25153462
Woźniczka M, Sutradhar M, Pombeiro AJL, Świątek M, Pająk M, Gądek-Sobczyńska J, Chmiela M, Gonciarz W, Pasternak B, Kufelnicki A. Equilibria in Aqueous Cobalt(II)—Reduced Schiff Base N-(2-hydroxybenzyl)alanine System: Chemical Characterization, Kinetic Analysis, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Properties. Molecules. 2020; 25(15):3462. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25153462
Chicago/Turabian StyleWoźniczka, Magdalena, Manas Sutradhar, Armando J. L. Pombeiro, Mirosława Świątek, Marek Pająk, Joanna Gądek-Sobczyńska, Magdalena Chmiela, Weronika Gonciarz, Beata Pasternak, and Aleksander Kufelnicki. 2020. "Equilibria in Aqueous Cobalt(II)—Reduced Schiff Base N-(2-hydroxybenzyl)alanine System: Chemical Characterization, Kinetic Analysis, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Properties" Molecules 25, no. 15: 3462. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25153462