Microscopic Characteristic and Chemical Composition Analysis of Three Medicinal Plants and Surface Frosts
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Characteristics of Three Medicinal Plants and Their Frosts
2.1.1. Characteristics of P. ostii and Its Frosts
2.1.2. Characteristics of H. officinalis and Its Frosts
2.1.3. Characteristics of A. lancea and Its Frosts
2.2. Chemical Analysis of P. ostii
2.2.1. Raman Results of P. ostii
2.2.2. Metabolite Profiling by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS
2.3. Chemical Analysis of H. officinalis
2.3.1. Raman Results of H. officinalis
2.3.2. Metabolite Profiling by UPLC-Q Orbitrap
2.4. Chemical Profiling of A. lancea and Its Frosts
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Sample Information
3.2. Chemicals and Reagents
3.3. Microscopic Analysis
3.4. Macroscopic Raman Spectroscopy
3.5. UPLC-Q/TOF-MS Analysis of P. ostii
3.5.1. Sample Preparation
3.5.2. UPLC-Q/TOF-MS Method
3.6. UPLC-Q Orbitrap Analysis
3.6.1. Sample Preparation
3.6.2. UPLC-Q Orbitrap Method
3.7. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis
3.7.1. Sample Preparation
3.7.2. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis and Metabolite Identification
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Samples of the compounds are available from the authors. |
Peak No. | tR (min) | Molecular Formula | Observed Mass (m/z) | Mass Error (ppm) | MS/MS(m/z) | Identification | Relative Content (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | B | |||||||
1 | 2.42 | C7H6O5 | 169.0150 | 7.7 | 125.0236 | Gallic acid | 0.14 ± 0.03 | - |
2 | 2.54 | C18H24O14 | 463.1086 | −0.4 | 403.0870, 373.0789,343.0667, 301.0577 | Mudanoside B | 0.03 ± 0.01 | - |
3 | 4.42 | C23H28O12 | 495.1509 | 1.2 | 465.1407, 137.0242 | Oxypaeoniflorin | 3.16 ± 0.45 | - |
4 | 4.95 | C15H14O6 | 289.0727 | 5.2 | 245.0827, 137.0242 | D-Catethin | 0.05 ± 0.03 | - |
5 | 5.04 | C24H30O13 | 525.1609 | 0.2 | 495.1509, 167.0336, 165.0535 | Mudanpioside E | 0.24 ± 0.11 | - |
6 | 5.53 | C8H8O5 | 183.0285 | −4.4 | 124.0166 | Methyl gallate | 0.15 ± 0.01 | - |
7 | 7.01 | C20H28O12 | 459.1496 | −1.5 | 293.0873, 233.0674, 165.0561 | Paeonolide | 5.20 ± 4.92 | - |
8 | 7.21 | C26H38O17 | 621.2020 | −1.8 | 455.1421, 293.0418 | Suffruticoside E | 0.38 ± 0.48 | - |
9 | 8.40 | C23H28O11 | 479.1548 | −1.0 | 525.1609, 449.1465, 327.1075, 165.0561, 121.0292 | Paeoniflorin | 9.14 ± 1.05 | - |
10 | 9.58 | C27H32O16 | 611.1603 | −1.5 | 445.1009, 283.0440, 169.0150 | Suffruticoside A/B/C/D | 1.60 ± 0.24 | - |
11 | 10.11 | C27H32O16 | 611.1653 | 6.7 | 445.1009, 283.0475, 169.0150, 121.0292 | Suffruticoside A/B/C/D | 3.07 ± 2.45 | - |
12 | 10.38 | C27H32O16 | 611.1603 | −1.5 | 445.1009, 283.0440, 165.1561 | Suffruticoside A/B/C/D | 1.15 ± 0.21 | - |
13 | 11.36 | C27H32O16 | 611.1603 | −1.5 | 445.1009, 283.0475, 169.0150, 121.0292 | Suffruticoside A/B/C/D | 2.78 ± 0.63 | - |
14 | 12.64 | C30H32O14 | 615.1733 | −2.6 | 447.1279, 431.1346, 281.0681, 137.0242 | Mudanpioside H | 0.59 ± 0.26 | - |
15 | 16.79 | C30H32O13 | 599.1752 | −2.2 | 477.1413, 447.1279, 431.1346, 281.0681, 137.0242 | Mudanpioside C | 2.09 ± 0.28 | - |
16 | 17.27 | C9H10O3 | 165.0561 | −2.2 | 150.0331, 122.0353 | Unidentified | 0.19 ± 0.04 | 8.73 ± 3.44 |
17 | 18.14 | C30H32O13 | 599.1752 | 4.7 | 569.1677, 477.1413, 137.0228, 165.0270, 121.0270 | Benzoyloxpaeoniflorin | 1.37 ± 0.47 | - |
18 | 20.32 | C30H32O12 | 583.1804 | −2.1 | 629.1885, 553.1722, 431.1346, 165.0561, 121.0292 | Benzoylpaeoniflorin | 4.89 ± 2.41 | - |
19 | 22.20 | C9H10O3 | 165.0561 | 5.5 | 150.0331, 122.0353 | Paeonol | 0.65 ± 0.49 | 47.66 ± 14.17 |
Peak no. | tR(min) | Molecular Formula | Observed Mass (m/z) | Mass Error (ppm) | MS2 m/z | Proposed Compounds | Relative Content (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | B | |||||||
1 | 9.64 | C19H22O5 | 329.1354 | −5.01 | 267.0998, 249.0897, 239.1043, 221.0945, 133.0631 | Magnolignan D | 0.04 ± 0.03 | - |
2 | 9.77 | C18H20O4 | 299.1255 | −7.64 | 239.1048, 221.0945, 133.0630 | Magnolignan A/C | 0.58 ± 0.48 | - |
3 | 10.53 | C18H18O4 | 297.1099 | −7.52 | 253.0841, 249.0904, 239.1047, 225.0890 | Magnolignan E | 0.07 ± 0.05 | - |
4 | 10.69 | C15H14O3 | 241.0841 | −7.55 | 223.0736, 197.0940, 133.0642 | Randaiol | 2.38 ± 2.08 | - |
5 | 11.71 | C16H14O3 | 253.0841 | −7.19 | 235.0737, 207.0790 | Magnaldehyde D | 2.92 ± 2.60 | - |
6 | 12.07 | C18H16O4 | 295.0944 | −7.07 | 251.1049, 233.0942, 231.0789 | Dimethylstrobochrysin | 0.03 ± 0.01 | - |
7 | 12.30 | C18H16O3 | 279.0996 | −7.06 | 261.0901, 233.0948 | Randainal | 0.35 ± 0.15 | - |
8 | 13.87 | C19H20O3 | 295.1302 | −9.05 | 295.1302, 265.1206, 263.1048, 245.0945 | 3-OMe-magnalol | 0.05 ± 0.03 | - |
9 | 14.04 | C18H18O2 | 265.1205 | −6.81 | 224.0813, 223.0740, 197.0574 | Honokiol | 15.95 ± 6.28 | 2.67 ± 1.25 |
10 | 14.80 | C18H18O3 | 281.1151 | −7.54 | 164.0451, 136.0377, 133.0633 | Obovatol | 2.90 ± 1.67 | - |
11 | 14.94 | C18H18O2 | 265.1205 | −6.81 | 224.0813 | Magnolol | 44.43 ± 3.59 | 25.58±2.24 |
Peak No. | tR(min) | Molecular Formula | Molecular Weight | Identification | Relative Content (%) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | a | B | b | C | c | |||||
1 | 9.73 | C10H16 | 136 | α-Pinene | - | - | 0.41 ± 0.23 | - | - | - |
2 | 12.28 | C10H16 | 136 | α-phellandrene | - | - | 0.40 ± 0.29 | - | 0.11 ± 0.09 | - |
3 | 12.41 | C10H16 | 136 | 3-Carene | 0.02 ± 0.01 | - | 0.14 ± 0.08 | - | 0.01 ± 0.01 | - |
4 | 15.60 | C10H16 | 136 | Terpinolene | 0.02 ± 0.01 | - | 0.12 ± 0.06 | - | 0.01 ± 0.01 | - |
5 | 24.73 | C12H20O2 | 196 | Bornyl acetate | 0.02 ± 0.02 | - | 0.04 ± 0.01 | - | 0.02 ± 0.02 | - |
6 | 27.36 | C12H22O2 | 198 | Citronellyl acetate | 0.01 ± 0.01 | - | - | - | 0.05 ± 0.02 | - |
7 | 30.97 | C15H24 | 204 | β-Caryophyllene | 0.22 ± 0.16 | - | 0.08 ± 0.05 | - | 2.66 ± 0.53 | - |
8 | 32.50 | C15H24 | 204 | Humulene | 0.08 ± 0.05 | - | 0.03 ± 0.02 | - | 0.99 ± 0.18 | - |
9 | 33.28 | C15H22 | 202 | α-Curcumene | - | - | 0.01 ± 0.00 | - | 0.07 ± 0.04 | - |
10 | 33.52 | C15H24 | 204 | β-Cubebene | 0.01 ± 0.00 | - | 0.05 ± 0.01 | - | - | - |
11 | 33.83 | C15H24 | 204 | Zingiberene | - | - | 0.13 ± 0.09 | - | 1.60 ± 0.26 | - |
12 | 34.78 | C15H24 | 204 | γ-Cadinene | 0.03 ± 0.01 | - | 0.13 ± 0.03 | - | - | - |
13 | 35.07 | C15H24 | 204 | β-sesquiphellandrene | - | - | 0.09 ± 0.02 | - | 0.17 ± 0.11 | - |
14 | 36.11 | C15H26O | 222 | Elemol | 1.19 ± 0.47 | - | 2.96 ± 0.94 | - | 0.18 ± 0.04 | - |
15 | 36.75 | C15H24 | 204 | γ-elemene | - | - | - | - | 1.39 ± 0.47 | - |
16 | 37.69 | C15H24O | 220 | Caryophyllene Oxide | 0.04 ± 0.03 | - | - | - | 0.30 ± 0.12 | - |
17 | 39.56 | C15H26O | 222 | Agarospirol | 4.37 ± 1.22 | - | 7.80 ± 2.11 | - | 0.08 ± 0.08 | - |
18 | 40.00 | C15H26O | 222 | Hinesol | 42.77 ± 10.23 | 5.10 ± 3.13 | 63.85 ± 10.87 | 7.56 ± 2.45 | 1.21 ± 0.99 | 3.61 ± 1.94 |
19 | 40.66 | C15H26O | 222 | β - Eudesmol | 40.81 ± 11.75 | 4.83 ± 3.02 | 12.45 ± 13.18 | 6.67 ± 5.26 | 5.47 ± 3.37 | 4.38 ± 1.10 |
20 | 40.86 | C15H20O | 216 | Atractylon | - | - | - | - | 33.89 ± 9.78 | - |
21 | 46.30 | C13H10O | 182 | Atractylodin | 0.36 ± 0.23 | - | - | 13.53 ± 5.07 | - |
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Yu, D.Q.; Han, X.J.; Shan, T.Y.; Xu, R.; Hu, J.; Cheng, W.X.; Zha, L.P.; Peng, H.S. Microscopic Characteristic and Chemical Composition Analysis of Three Medicinal Plants and Surface Frosts. Molecules 2019, 24, 4548. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244548
Yu DQ, Han XJ, Shan TY, Xu R, Hu J, Cheng WX, Zha LP, Peng HS. Microscopic Characteristic and Chemical Composition Analysis of Three Medicinal Plants and Surface Frosts. Molecules. 2019; 24(24):4548. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244548
Chicago/Turabian StyleYu, Da Qing, Xiao Jing Han, Ting Yu Shan, Rui Xu, Jin Hu, Wang Xing Cheng, Liang Ping Zha, and Hua Sheng Peng. 2019. "Microscopic Characteristic and Chemical Composition Analysis of Three Medicinal Plants and Surface Frosts" Molecules 24, no. 24: 4548. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244548