Obtaining and Characterization of the PLA/Chitosan Foams with Antimicrobial Properties Achieved by the Emulsification Combined with the Dissolution of Chitosan by CO2 Saturation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Structure and Physicochemical Properties
2.2. Swelling Capacity and Solubility
2.3. Thermal Properties
2.4. Antimicrobial Properties
2.5. Biocompatibility
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Materials
3.2. Foams Preparation
3.3. Foams Characterization
3.3.1. Topography Evaluation
3.3.2. Porosity and Density Measurements
3.3.3. Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) Study
3.3.4. Swelling Capacity/Dissolution Evaluation
3.3.5. Mechanical Properties
3.3.6. Thermal Properties
3.3.7. Antimicrobial Properties
3.3.8. Biocompatibility Tests
Cell Culture
Sample Preparation
Cell Viability
3.3.9. Statistical Analyses
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Samples of the PLA/CS/PEG foams are available from the authors. |
Sample | Density [kg/m3] | Porosity [%] |
---|---|---|
PLA | 1250 ± 6 a | Nd. |
CS | 49 ± 7 b | 80.4 ± 2.2 A |
CS4 | 168 ± 8 c | 53.1 ± 2.0 B |
CS8 | 92 ± 10 d | 60.5 ± 3.1 C |
CS12 | 69 ± 9 d | 73.9 ± 3.4 D |
CS16 | 55 ± 11 b | 85.3 ± 2.7 A |
Sample | Tg [°C] | Tc [°C] | Tm [°C] |
---|---|---|---|
PLA | 65.7 | - | 156.3 |
CS4 | 41.9 | 77.6 | 149.8 |
CS8 | 39.7 | 82.1 | 150.5 |
CS12 | 39.0 | 82.4 | 148.6 |
CS16 | 39.6 | 84.1 | 149.2 |
Sample | Time of Interaction [h] | Average Number of Cells [cfu/mL] | |
---|---|---|---|
S. Aureus | E. Coli | ||
K(-) | 0 | 1.16 × 105 | 2.36 × 105 |
K(-) | 24 | 3.12 × 107 | 1.54 × 107 |
PLA | 24 | 3.31 × 107 | 2.00 × 107 |
CS | 24 | 1.02 × 102 | 1.23 × 103 |
CS4 | 24 | 8.45 × 105 | 2.20 × 105 |
CS8 | 24 | 3.25 × 105 | 1.16 × 105 |
CS12 | 24 | 1.03 × 105 | 5.85 × 104 |
CS16 | 24 | 3.56 × 104 | 1.28 × 104 |
Sample | Concentration of Polymer in Foam [% w/w] | ||
---|---|---|---|
PLA | Chitosan | PEG | |
PLA | 100 | 0 | 0 |
CS | 0 | 100 | 0 |
CS4 | 73 | 4 | 23 |
CS8 | 69 | 8 | 23 |
CS12 | 65 | 12 | 23 |
CS16 | 61 | 16 | 23 |
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Mania, S.; Partyka, K.; Pilch, J.; Augustin, E.; Cieślik, M.; Ryl, J.; Jinn, J.-R.; Wang, Y.-J.; Michałowska, A.; Tylingo, R. Obtaining and Characterization of the PLA/Chitosan Foams with Antimicrobial Properties Achieved by the Emulsification Combined with the Dissolution of Chitosan by CO2 Saturation. Molecules 2019, 24, 4532. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244532
Mania S, Partyka K, Pilch J, Augustin E, Cieślik M, Ryl J, Jinn J-R, Wang Y-J, Michałowska A, Tylingo R. Obtaining and Characterization of the PLA/Chitosan Foams with Antimicrobial Properties Achieved by the Emulsification Combined with the Dissolution of Chitosan by CO2 Saturation. Molecules. 2019; 24(24):4532. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244532
Chicago/Turabian StyleMania, Szymon, Karolina Partyka, Joanna Pilch, Ewa Augustin, Mateusz Cieślik, Jacek Ryl, Jia-Rong Jinn, Ya-Jane Wang, Anna Michałowska, and Robert Tylingo. 2019. "Obtaining and Characterization of the PLA/Chitosan Foams with Antimicrobial Properties Achieved by the Emulsification Combined with the Dissolution of Chitosan by CO2 Saturation" Molecules 24, no. 24: 4532. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244532