Next Article in Journal
Facile Synthesis of Flexible Methylsilsesquioxane Aerogels with Surface Modifications for Sound- Absorbance, Fast Dye Adsorption and Oil/Water Separation
Previous Article in Journal
Application of the Asymmetric Pictet–Spengler Reaction in the Total Synthesis of Natural Products and Relevant Biologically Active Compounds
Previous Article in Special Issue
Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Sensors for Rapid Point-of-Use Monitoring of the Mycotoxin Ochratoxin A Directly in a Food Stream
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
Journals
Molecules
Volume 23
Issue 4
10.3390/molecules23040944
molecules-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Edit a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share announcement question_answer thumb_up
...
textsms
...
Article

CpG Methylation Changes G-Quadruplex Structures Derived from Gene Promoters and Interaction with VEGF and SP1

by
Kaori Tsukakoshi
1,†,
Shiori Saito
1,†,
Wataru Yoshida
2,†,
Shinichi Goto
1 and
Kazunori Ikebukuro
1,*
1
Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
2
School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakuramachi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Molecules 2018, 23(4), 944; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23040944
Received: 31 March 2018 / Revised: 13 April 2018 / Accepted: 15 April 2018 / Published: 18 April 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nucleic Acid Aptamers)
View Full-Text Download PDF
Browse Figures

Abstract

G-quadruplex (G4) is a DNA/RNA conformation that consists of two or more G-tetrads resulting from four-guanine bases connected by Hoogsteen-type hydrogen bonds, which is often found in the telomeres of chromatin, as well as in the promoter regions of genes. The function of G4 in the genomic DNA is being elucidated and some G4-protein interactions have been reported; these are believed to play a role in vital cellular functions. In this study, we focused on CpG methylation, a well-known epigenetic modification of the genomic DNA, especially found in the promoter regions. Although many G4-forming sequences within the genomic DNA harbor CpG sites, the relationship between CpG methylation and the binding properties of associated proteins remains unclear. We demonstrated that the binding ability of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) G4 DNA to VEGF165 protein was significantly decreased by CpG methylation. We identified the binding activity of G4 DNA oligonucleotides derived from gene promoter regions to SP1, a transcription factor that interacts with a G4-forming DNA and is also altered by CpG methylation. The effect of methylation on binding affinity was accompanied by changes in G4 structure and/or topology. Therefore, this study suggested that CpG methylation might be involved in protein binding to G4-forming DNA segments for purposes of transcriptional regulation. View Full-Text
Keywords: G-quadruplex; CpG methylation; vascular endothelial growth factor; SP1; protein-DNA binding G-quadruplex; CpG methylation; vascular endothelial growth factor; SP1; protein-DNA binding
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

Supplementary Material

SciFeed

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Tsukakoshi, K.; Saito, S.; Yoshida, W.; Goto, S.; Ikebukuro, K. CpG Methylation Changes G-Quadruplex Structures Derived from Gene Promoters and Interaction with VEGF and SP1. Molecules 2018, 23, 944. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23040944

AMA Style

Tsukakoshi K, Saito S, Yoshida W, Goto S, Ikebukuro K. CpG Methylation Changes G-Quadruplex Structures Derived from Gene Promoters and Interaction with VEGF and SP1. Molecules. 2018; 23(4):944. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23040944

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tsukakoshi, Kaori, Shiori Saito, Wataru Yoshida, Shinichi Goto, and Kazunori Ikebukuro. 2018. "CpG Methylation Changes G-Quadruplex Structures Derived from Gene Promoters and Interaction with VEGF and SP1" Molecules 23, no. 4: 944. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23040944

Find Other Styles
Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Article Access Map by Country/Region

1
Back to TopTop