Soy Isoflavones and Breast Cancer Cell Lines: Molecular Mechanisms and Future Perspectives
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Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Street 6, Cluj-Napoca 400349, Romania
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Institute of Biochemistry, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Felix-Hausdorff Street 4, Greifswald 17487, Germany
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Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Street 6, Cluj-Napoca 400349, Romania
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Jean Jacques Vanden Eynde, Annie Mayence and Sylvain Rault
Molecules 2016, 21(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21010013
Received: 29 October 2015
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Revised: 13 December 2015
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Accepted: 14 December 2015
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Published: 22 December 2015
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 20th Anniversary of Molecules—Recent Advances in Medicinal Chemistry)
The potential benefit of soy isoflavones in breast cancer chemoprevention, as suggested by epidemiological studies, has aroused the interest of numerous scientists for over twenty years. Although intensive work has been done in this field, the preclinical results continue to be controversial and the molecular mechanisms are far from being fully understood. The antiproliferative effect of soy isoflavones has been commonly linked to the estrogen receptor interaction, but there is growing evidence that other pathways are influenced as well. Among these, the regulation of apoptosis, cell proliferation and survival, inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis or antioxidant properties have been recently explored using various isoflavone doses and various breast cancer cells. In this review, we offer a comprehensive perspective on the molecular mechanisms of isoflavones observed in in vitro studies, emphasizing each time the dose-effect relationship and estrogen receptor status of the cells. Furthermore, we present future research directions in this field which could provide a better understanding of the inner molecular mechanisms of soy isoflavones in breast cancer.
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Keywords:
breast cancer; genistein; isoflavone; estrogen receptor; molecular mechanism
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MDPI and ACS Style
Uifălean, A.; Schneider, S.; Ionescu, C.; Lalk, M.; Iuga, C.A. Soy Isoflavones and Breast Cancer Cell Lines: Molecular Mechanisms and Future Perspectives. Molecules 2016, 21, 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21010013
AMA Style
Uifălean A, Schneider S, Ionescu C, Lalk M, Iuga CA. Soy Isoflavones and Breast Cancer Cell Lines: Molecular Mechanisms and Future Perspectives. Molecules. 2016; 21(1):13. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21010013
Chicago/Turabian StyleUifălean, Alina, Stefanie Schneider, Corina Ionescu, Michael Lalk, and Cristina A. Iuga. 2016. "Soy Isoflavones and Breast Cancer Cell Lines: Molecular Mechanisms and Future Perspectives" Molecules 21, no. 1: 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21010013
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