Biological Activity and Photostability of Biflorin Micellar Nanostructures
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Biflorin Micellar Nanostructures Characterization and Stability
Treatment A | Treatment B | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Week | Size (nm) | PDI | Size (nm) | PDI |
1 | 8.2 ± 0.1 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 8.2 ± 0.5 | 0.05 ± 0.01 |
2 | 8.3 ± 0.1 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 46.9 ± 18.0 | 0.30 ± 0.01 |
3 | 8.4 ± 1.1 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 57.0 ± 15.5 | 0.30 ± 0.01 |
4 | 8.2 ± 0.7 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 96.4 ± 10.2 | 0.33 ± 0.01 |
2.2. Photostability Experiment
2.3. Microbiological Activity
Microorganism | Biflorin Micellar Nanostructures (µg/mL) | Biflorin in DMSO (µg/mL) |
---|---|---|
Staphylococcus aureus | 3.12 | 3.12 |
Micrococcus luteus | 3.12 | 3.12 |
Bacillus subtilis | 3.12 | 3.12 |
Escherichia coli | >100 | >100 |
Candida krusei | 50 | 100 |
Candida albicans | 50 | >100 |
3. Experimental Section
3.1. Biflorin Extraction, Purification and Characterization
3.2. Micellar Nanostructure Formulation and Characterization
3.3. Photodegradation Study
3.4. Biological Assays
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Lorenzi, H.; Matos, F.J.A. Plantas Medicinais no Brasil: Nativas e Exóticas Cultivadas, 1st ed.; Instituto Plantarum de Estudo da Flora LTDA: São Paulo, Brazil, 2002; p. 434. [Google Scholar]
- Aquino, T.M.; Amorim, E.L.C.; Lima, C.S.A.; Albuquerque, U.P. Padronização Botânica de Capraria biflora L. (Schrophulariaceae). Acta Farm. Bonaerense 2001, 20, 259–263. [Google Scholar]
- Vasconcellos, M.C.; Montenegro, R.C.; Militão, G.C.G.; Fonseca, A.M.; Pessoa, O.D.L.; Lemos, T.L.G.; Pessoa, C.; Moraes, M.O.; Costa-Lotufo, L.V. Bioactivity of biflorin, a typical o-naphthoquinone isolated from Capraria biflora L. Z. Naturforschung 2004, 60, 394–398. [Google Scholar]
- Corrêa, M.P. Dicionário das Plantas Úteis do Brasil e das Exóticas Cultivadas, 1st ed.; Imprensa Nacional: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1984. [Google Scholar]
- Cordeiro, R.; Nunes, V.A.; Almeida, C.R. Plantas Que Curam, 1 ed.; Editora Três: São Paulo, Brazil, 1996. [Google Scholar]
- Aquino, T.M.; Lima, C.S.A.; Albuquerque, U.P.; Amorim, E.L.C. Capraria biflora L. (Scrophulariaceae): Uma Revisão. Acta Farm. Bonaerense 2006, 25, 460–467. [Google Scholar]
- Gonçalves de lima, O.; D’Albuquerque, I.L.; Loureiro, P.; Carmona, C.L.; Bernard, M.Z. Biflorina, novo antibiótico isolado da Capraria biflora L. Rev. Quím. Ind. 1953, 14, 2–3. [Google Scholar]
- Gonçalves de lima, O.; D’Albuquerque, I.L.; Loureiro, P.; Carmona, C.L.; Bernard, M.Z. Novas observações sobre a biflorina, antibiótico isolado da Capraria biflora L. Rev. Quím. Ind. 1954, 249, 28–30. [Google Scholar]
- Vasconcellos, M.C.; Bezerra, D.P.; Fonseca, A.M.; Araujo, A.J.; Pessoa, C.; Lemos, T.L.G.; Costa-Lotufo, L.V.; de Moraes, M.O.; Montenegro, R.C. The in vitro and in vivo inhibitory activity of biflorin in melanoma. Melanoma Res. 2011, 21, 106–114. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Vasconcellos, M.C.; Bezerra, D.P.; Fonseca, A.M.; Pereira, M.R.P.; Lemos, T.L.G.; Pessoa, O.D.L.; Pessoa, C.; Moraes, M.O.; Alves, A.P.; Costa-Lotufo, L.V. Antitumor activity of biflorin, an o-naphthoquinone isolated from Capraria biflora L. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 2007, 30, 1416–1421. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Carvalho, A.A.; Costa, P.M.; Souza, L.G.S.; Lemos, T.L.G.; Alves, A.P.N.N.; Pessoa, C.O.; Moraes, M.O. Inhibition of metastatic potential of B16F10 melanoma cell line in vivo and in vitro by biflorin. Life Sci. 2013, 93, 201–207. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Vasconcellos, M.C.; Moura, D.J.; Rosa, R.M.; Machado, M.S.; Guecheva, T.N.; Villela, I.; Immich, B.F.; Montenegro, R.C.; Fonseca, A.M.; Lemos, T.L.; et al. Evaluation of the cytotoxic and antimutagenic effects of biflorin, an antitumor 1,4-o-naphthoquinone isolated from Capraria biflora L. Arch. Toxicol. 2010, 84, 799–810. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Gonçalves de lima, O.; D’Albuquerque, I.L.; Maia, D.; Borba, M.A. A ação da luz sobre a biflorina. Rev. Inst. Antibiot. 1961, 3, 97–100. [Google Scholar]
- Lyra, D.P., Jr.; Lira, A.A.M.; Aquino, T.M.; Soares, L.A.L.; Santana, D.P. Development and Validation of a Chromatographic Method for the Determination of Biflorin obtained from Capraria biflora Roots. Acta Farmacêutica Bonaerense 2007, 26, 125–129. [Google Scholar]
- Bhalekar, M.R.; Harinarayana, D.; Madgulkar, A.R.; Pandya, S.J.; Jain, D.K. Improvement of photostability in formulation: A review. Asian J. Chem. 2008, 20, 5095–5108. [Google Scholar]
- Fonseca, A.M.; Pessoa, O.D.L.; Silveira, E.R.; Monte, F.J.Q.; Braz-Filho, R.; Lemos, T.L.G. Total assignments of 1H and 13C-NMR spectra of biflorin and bis-biflorin from Capraria biflora. Magn. Reson. Chem. 2003, 41, 1038–1040. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bernardi, D.S.; Pereira, T.A.; Macial, N.R.; Bortoloto, J.; Viera, G.S.; Oliveira, G.C.; Rocha Filho, P.A. Formation and stability of oil-in-water nanoemulsions containing rice bran oil: In vitro and in vivo assessments. J. Nanobiotechnol. 2011, 9, 44. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Bazylinska, U.; Kulbackab, J.; Wilk, K.A. Dicephalic ionic surfactants in fabrication of biocompatible nanoemulsions: Factors influencing droplet size and stability. Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 2014, 460, 312–320. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Shakeel, F.; Ramadan, W. Transdermal delivery of anticancer drug caffeine from water-in-oil nanoemulsions. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces 2010, 75, 356–362. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Azevedo Filho, C.A.; Filgueiras, D.G.; Guedes, J.P.M.; Batista, R.M.; Santos, B.S. Considerations on the quinine actinometry calibration method used in photostability testing of pharmaceuticals. J. Pharm. Biome. Anal. 2011, 14, 886–888. [Google Scholar]
- Lai, F.; Pireddu, R.; Corrias, F.; Fadda, A.M.; Valenti, D.; Pini, E.; Sinico, C. Nanosuspension improves tretinoin photostability and delivery to the skin. Int. J. Pharm. 2013, 458, 104–109. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Almeida, J.S.; Lima, F.; da Ros, S.; Bulhões, L.O.S.; Carvalho, L.M.; Beck, R.C.R. Nanostructured systems containing rutin: In vitro antioxidant activity and photostability studies. Nanoscale Res. Lett. 2010, 5, 1603–1610. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lee, J.; Lee, Y.J.; Oh, S.; Yi, J.; Kim, N.S.; Bang, O. Bioactive Compounds from the Roots of Asiasarum heterotropoides. Molecules 2014, 19, 122–138. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sun, H.; Liu, K.; Liu, W.; Wang, W.; Guo, C.; Tang, B.; Gu, J.; Zhang, J.; Li, H.; Mao, X.; et al. Development and characterization of a novel nanoemulsion drug-delivery system for potential application in oral delivery of protein drugs. Int. J. Nanomed. 2012, 7, 5529–5543. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Pool, H.; Mendonza, S.; Xiao, H.; McClements, D.J. Encapsulation and release of hydrophobic bioactive components in nanoemulsion-based delivery systems: Impact of physical form on quercetin bioaccessibility. Food Function 2013, 4, 162–174. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Brasil. Guia para Realização de Estudos de Estabilidade. Available online: http://www4.anvisa.gov.br/base/visadoc/CP/CP%5B7760-1-0%5D.PDF (accessed on 13 January 2014).
- Sample Availability: Not available.
© 2015 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Santana, E.R.B.; Ferreira-Neto, J.P.; Yara, R.; Sena, K.X.F.R.; Fontes, A.; Lima, C.S.A. Biological Activity and Photostability of Biflorin Micellar Nanostructures. Molecules 2015, 20, 8595-8604. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20058595
Santana ERB, Ferreira-Neto JP, Yara R, Sena KXFR, Fontes A, Lima CSA. Biological Activity and Photostability of Biflorin Micellar Nanostructures. Molecules. 2015; 20(5):8595-8604. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20058595
Chicago/Turabian StyleSantana, Edson R. B., João P. Ferreira-Neto, Ricardo Yara, Kêsia X. F. R. Sena, Adriana Fontes, and Cláudia S. A. Lima. 2015. "Biological Activity and Photostability of Biflorin Micellar Nanostructures" Molecules 20, no. 5: 8595-8604. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20058595