Potential Anti-Inflammatory Effects of the Hydrophilic Fraction of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Seed Oil on Breast Cancer Cell Lines
by
Susan Costantini 1,†, Fabiola Rusolo 1,†, Valentina De Vito 2, Stefania Moccia 2, Gianluca Picariello 2, Francesca Capone 1, Eliana Guerriero 1, Giuseppe Castello 1 and Maria Grazia Volpe 2,*
Susan Costantini 1,†, Fabiola Rusolo 1,†, Valentina De Vito 2, Stefania Moccia 2, Gianluca Picariello 2, Francesca Capone 1, Eliana Guerriero 1, Giuseppe Castello 1 and Maria Grazia Volpe 2,*
1
Istituto Nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale"-IRCCS–80131 Napoli, Italy
2
Istituto di Scienze dell' Alimentazione-CNR, Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Molecules 2014, 19(6), 8644-8660; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules19068644
Received: 23 April 2014 / Revised: 9 June 2014 / Accepted: 18 June 2014 / Published: 24 June 2014
(This article belongs to the Section Medicinal Chemistry)
In this work, we characterized conjugated linolenic acids (e.g., punicic acid) as the major components of the hydrophilic fraction (80% aqueous methanol extract) from pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) seed oil (PSO) and evaluated their anti-inflammatory potential on some human colon (HT29 and HCT116), liver (HepG2 and Huh7), breast (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and prostate (DU145) cancer lines. Our results demonstrated that punicic acid and its congeners induce a significant decrease of cell viability for two breast cell lines with a related increase of the cell cycle G0/G1 phase respect to untreated cells. Moreover, the evaluation of a great panel of cytokines expressed by MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells showed that the levels of VEGF and nine pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17, IP-10, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, MCP-1 and TNF-α) decreased in a dose dependent way with increasing amounts of the hydrophilic extracts of PSO, supporting the evidence of an anti-inflammatory effect. Taken together, the data herein suggest a potential synergistic cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant role of the polar compounds from PSO.
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Keywords:
anti-inflammatory effects; bioactive molecules; cell viability; cytokines; pomegranate (Punica granatum L.)
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License
MDPI and ACS Style
Costantini, S.; Rusolo, F.; De Vito, V.; Moccia, S.; Picariello, G.; Capone, F.; Guerriero, E.; Castello, G.; Volpe, M.G. Potential Anti-Inflammatory Effects of the Hydrophilic Fraction of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Seed Oil on Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Molecules 2014, 19, 8644-8660.
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