Comparison of the Chemical Composition and Pharmacological Effects of the Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts from a Tibetan “Snow Lotus” (Saussurea laniceps) Herb
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Optimization of Separation Conditions
2.2. Comparison of the Chemical Composition of Two Extracts
Sample | Contents of the six main constituents in the two extracts (mg/g, n = 3) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chlorogenicacid (2) | Syringoside (3) | 1,3-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (6) | Umbelliferone (7) | Scopoletin (8) | 1,5-Dicaffeoyl quinic acid (10) | |
Ethanolic extract | 24.60 ± 0.74 | 6.38 ± 0.13 | 0.45 ± 0.01 | 23.43 ± 0.45 | 35.82 ± 0.29 | 8.54 ± 0.16 |
Aqueous extract | 18.22 ± 0.33 | 5.41 ± 0.15 | 0.82 ± 0.02 | 15.52 ± 0.48 | 24.20 ± 0.87 | 3.80 ± 0.13 |
2.3. Verification and Elucidation of the Chemical Changes during Boiling
2.4. Comparison of the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of the Two Extracts
2.5. Comparison of the Anti-Nociceptive Effect of Two Extracts
Groups | Dose (mg/kg) | Frequency (Counts/15 min) | Inhibition (%) | Latency time (sec) | Increase (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | - | 20.5 ± 1.4 | - | 14.7 ± 1.8 | - |
Aqueous extract | 100 | 17.2 ± 1.6 | 16.1 | 15.2 ± 2.0 | 3.4 |
200 | 16.2 ± 2.5 | 21.0 | 16.8 ± 1.4 | 14.3 | |
400 | 13.3 ± 1.2 * | 35.1 | 20.7 ± 1.5 * | 40.8 | |
Ethanolic extract | 100 | 19.0 ± 2.0 | 7.3 | 15.8 ± 1.2 | 7.5 |
200 | 15.0 ± 1.3 | 26.8 | 19.5 ± 1.6 | 32.7 | |
400 | 12.3 ± 1.0 ** | 40.0 | 21.7 ± 1.4 * | 47.6 | |
Rotundine | 50 | 10.7 ± 1.5 ** | 47.8 | 23.0 ± 1.3 ** | 56.5 |
2.6. Comparison of the Anti-Oxidant Effect of Two Extracts
3. Experimental
3.1. Materials
3.2. Preparation of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts
3.3. Chemicals and Reagents
3.4. Animals
3.5. Comparison of the Chemical Composition Using UPLC-PDA-ESI/MS
3.6. Comparison of the Anti-Inflammatory Effects Using Croton Oil-Induced Ear Edema in Mice
3.7. Comparison of the Anti-Nociceptive Effects using Writhing Test and Hot Plate Test in Mice
3.8. Comparison of the Anti-Oxidant Effects Using DPPH Test
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
- Sample Availability: Samples of the compounds are available from the authors.
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Yi, T.; Lo, H.; Zhao, Z.; Yu, Z.; Yang, Z.; Chen, H. Comparison of the Chemical Composition and Pharmacological Effects of the Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts from a Tibetan “Snow Lotus” (Saussurea laniceps) Herb. Molecules 2012, 17, 7183-7194. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules17067183
Yi T, Lo H, Zhao Z, Yu Z, Yang Z, Chen H. Comparison of the Chemical Composition and Pharmacological Effects of the Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts from a Tibetan “Snow Lotus” (Saussurea laniceps) Herb. Molecules. 2012; 17(6):7183-7194. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules17067183
Chicago/Turabian StyleYi, Tao, Hongwing Lo, Zhongzhen Zhao, Zhiling Yu, Zhijun Yang, and Hubiao Chen. 2012. "Comparison of the Chemical Composition and Pharmacological Effects of the Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts from a Tibetan “Snow Lotus” (Saussurea laniceps) Herb" Molecules 17, no. 6: 7183-7194. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules17067183