Essential Oil Composition of the Different Parts and In Vitro Shoot Culture of Eryngium planum L.
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
No. | Compound | RIexp | RIlit | Organ of intact plants | In vitro shoot | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L | RL | I | R | |||||
1. | Hexanal | 776 | 0.2 | |||||
2. | Heptanal | 876 | 0.5 | 0.1 | ||||
3. | Santene | 882 | 884 | 0.2 | ||||
4. | Tricyclene | 922 | 927 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.1 | ||
5. | α-Pinene | 932 | 936 | 5.4 | 4.6 | 11.3 | 0.1 | 5.0 |
6. | Camphene | 946 | 950 | 0.9 | 5.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | t |
7. | 1-Octen-3-ol | 960 | 962 | 0.1 | ||||
8. | Sabinene | 970 | 973 | 0.1 | 0.4 | |||
9. | β-Pinene | 973 | 978 | 9.8 | 2.1 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.3 |
10. | Octanal | 978 | 981 | 2.6 | 0.9 | 0.8 | ||
11. | Myrcene | 984 | 987 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
12. | α-Phellandrene | 999 | 1002 | 0.2 | 0.1 | t | ||
13. | 3-Carene | 1007 | 1010 | 3.4 | 0.5 | t | ||
14. | α-Terpinene | 1011 | 1013 | 0.4 | 0.2 | t | ||
15. | p-Cymene | 1015 | 1015 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0.1 | |
16. | β-Phellandrene | 1023 | 1023 | 4.9 | 1.5 | |||
17. | Limonene | 1024 | 1025 | 14.7 | 11.3 | 0.9 | 3.2 | |
18. | γ-Terpinene | 1052 | 1051 | 0.3 | 0.3 | t | ||
19. | Nonanal | 1077 | 1081 | 0.1 | ||||
20. | p-Cymenene | 1080 | 1075 | 0.1 | t | |||
21. | Terpinolene | 1083 | 1082 | 0.2 | 0.2 | |||
22. | Linalool | 1086 | 1086 | t | 1.8 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
23. | Hotrienol | 1087 | 1087 | 1.4 | ||||
24. | Isophorone | 1093 | 1095 | 0.6 | ||||
25. | α-Fenchol | 1102 | 1099 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ||
26. | Camphor | 1126 | 1123 | t | 0.2 | |||
27. | trans-Pinocarveol | 1128 | 1126 | 0.1 | 0.2 | |||
28. | cis-Verbenol | 1134 | 1132 | 0.1 | ||||
29. | trans-Verbenol | 1138 | 1136 | 0.4 | ||||
30. | Menthone | 1144 | 1142 | 0.1 | ||||
31. | cis-Chrysanthenol | 1150 | 1147 | 0.7 | ||||
32. | Borneol | 1155 | 1150 | 0.3 | 1.1 | |||
33. | Cryptone | 1163 | 1160 | 0.2 | 0.1 | |||
34. | Terpinen-4-ol | 1166 | 1164 | 0.6 | 10.9 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
35. | p-Cymen-8-ol | 1170 | 1169 | 0.1 | ||||
36. | α-Terpineol | 1177 | 1176 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 0.1 | ||
37. | Safranal | 1182 | 1182 | 0.1 | ||||
38. | Fenchyl acetate | 1210 | 1205 | 0.1 | 1.7 | 0.3 | ||
39. | Thymol metyl ether | 1218 | 1215 | 1.2 | ||||
40. | cis-Chrysanthenyl acetate | 1248 | 1253 | 43.2 | ||||
41. | Bornyl acetate | 1274 | 1270 | 4.6 | 18.1 | |||
42. | 2,3,6-Trimethylbenzaldehyde | 1296 | 1293 | 1.6 | 1.0 | 1.6 | ||
43. | α-Terpinyl acetate | 1330 | 1335 | 0.1 | 0.1 | |||
44. | 2,3,4-Trimethylbenzaldehyde | 1337 | 1331 | t | 17.4 | 6.2 | ||
45. | Bicycloelemene | 1337 | 1338 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.7 | ||
46. | δ-Elemene | 1341 | 1340 | 0.1 | 0.6 | t | ||
47. | cis-Chrysanthenyl propionate | 1342 | 1342 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
48. | α-Cubebene | 1354 | 1355 | 0.1 | 0.1 | t | ||
49. | Geranyl acetate | 1363 | 1362 | 0.1 | ||||
50. | α-Ylangene | 1378 | 1376 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ||
51. | α-Copaene | 1382 | 1379 | 1.6 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.1 | t |
52. | Isoledene | 1385 | 1382 | 0.3 | t | 0.1 | ||
53. | β-Bourbonene | 1391 | 1386 | 1.0 | t | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
54. | β-Elemene | 1393 | 1389 | 2.1 | 1.1 | 1.7 | t | |
55. | β-Isocomene | 1393 | 1389 | 0.2 | ||||
56. | α-Gurjunene | 1418 | 1413 | 0.3 | ||||
57. | β-Ylangene | 1424 | 1420 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.1 | ||
58. | β-Caryophyllene | 1427 | 1424 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 3.2 | ||
59. | cis-Chrysanthenyl butanoate | 1431 | 3.2 | |||||
60. | γ-Elemene | 1432 | 1429 | 0.7 | 1.6 | 0.8 | ||
61. | β-Copaene | 1433 | 1430 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.2 | ||
62. | trans-α-Bergamotene | 1435 | 1434 | 0.4 | 0.1 | |||
63. | (E)-β-Farnesene | 1444 | 1446 | t | 2.0 | 1.4 | 23.4 | |
64. | Selina-4(15),6-diene | 1446 | 1450 | 0.3 | t | |||
65. | α-Humulene | 1460 | 1455 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 0.8 | ||
66. | Aromadendra-1(10),4-diene | 1467 | 1462 | 0.6 | 1.1 | |||
67. | (E)-β-Ionone | 1471 | 1468 | 0.1 | t | |||
68. | γ-Muurolene | 1478 | 1474 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.7 | |
69. | Germacrene D | 1485 | 1486 | 1.4 | 8.3 | 2.3 | 0.8 | |
70. | β-Selinene | 1492 | 1486 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.4 | ||
71. | γ-Amorphene | 1496 | 1492 | 0.3 | 0.3 | t | ||
72. | epi-Zonarene | 1498 | 1494 | 0.5 | ||||
73. | α-Selinene | 1498 | 1494 | 0.4 | ||||
74. | Bicyclogermacrene | 1498 | 1494 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | |
75. | α-Muurolene | 1500 | 1496 | 1.4 | 0.1 | |||
76. | β-Bisabolene | 1506 | 1503 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
77. | γ-Cadinene | 1511 | 1507 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | |
78. | β-Sequiphellandrene | 1513 | 1516 | 0.9 | ||||
79. | trans-Calamenene | 1519 | 1519 | 0.6 | 0.3 | t | t | t |
80. | δ-Cadinene | 1522 | 1520 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 0.5 | |
81. | Zonarene | 1526 | 1526 | 0.5 | 0.1 | |||
82. | ω-Cadinene | 1534 | 1526 | 0.1 | 0.1 | |||
83. | α-Calacorene | 1539 | 1539 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.3 | ||
84. | Salviadienol | 1550 | 1549 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 0.5 | ||
85. | Germacrene B | 1552 | 1552 | 1.1 | ||||
86. | Mintoxide | 1568 | 1568 | 0.8 | 0.1 | t | ||
87. | Spathulenol | 1576 | 1576 | 2.2 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.1 | |
88. | Salvial-4(14)-en-1-one | 1591 | 1591 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.3 | ||
89. | Carotol | 1592 | 1594 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.1 | |
90. | β-Oplopenone | 1599 | 1598 | 0.8 | 0.1 | |||
91. | Torilenol | 1606 | 1607 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
92. | 1,10-di-epi-Cubenol | 1623 | 1623 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | ||
93. | cis-Chrysanthenyl hexanoate | 1630 | 1628 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 3.9 | ||
94. | β-Acorenol | 1633 | 1633 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | ||
95. | T-Muurolol | 1637 | 1637 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0.2 | ||
96. | β-Eudesmol | 1640 | 1641 | 0.2 | ||||
97. | α-Cadinol | 1645 | 1643 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.2 | ||
98. | α-Eudesmol | 1655 | 1653 | 0.2 | ||||
99. | Cadalene | 1667 | 1667 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 0.4 | ||
100. | Eudesma-4(15)-dien-1β-ol | 1681 | 1681 | 1.3 | 0.2 | 0.7 | ||
101. | (E)-γ-Atlantone | 1689 | 1691 | 0.7 | 0.2 | |||
102. | Mintsulphide | 1743 | 1743 | 0.3 | 0.6 | |||
103. | 6,10,14-Trimethylpentadecan-2-one | 1832 | 1832 | 2.1 | 0.1 | t | ||
104. | cis-Chrysanthenyl octanoate | 1832 | 1.4 | 1.9 | ||||
105. | Neophytadiene (isomere 2) | 1837 | 1837 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.1 | ||
106. | Palmitic acid | 1955 | 0.9 | |||||
107. | (Z)-Falcarinol | 2011 | 2005 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 64.4 | 49.1 | |
108. | Linoleic acid | 0.4 | ||||||
Total identified | 86.0 | 93.2 | 94.9 | 93.2 | 94.3 | |||
Aliphatic compounds | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.1 | 0.9 | 1.3 | |||
Monoterpene hydrocarbons | 42.0 | 28.4 | 12.9 | 4.0 | 5.9 | |||
Oxygenated monoterpenes | 10.3 | 36.6 | 51.2 | 1.6 | 1.9 | |||
Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons | 20.0 | 24.4 | 18 | 3.1 | 26.1 | |||
Oxygenated sesquiterpenes | 10.6 | 2.4 | 7.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | |||
Falcarinol | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 64.4 | 49.1 | |||
Other compounds | 3.1 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 18.4 | 9.7 | |||
Oil yield | 0.10 | 0.07 | 0.23 | 0.05 | 0.10 |
3. Experimental
3.1. Intact Plant
3.2. In Vitro Shoot Culture
3.3. Isolation and Analysis of Essential Oil
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
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Thiem, B.; Kikowska, M.; Kurowska, A.; Kalemba, D. Essential Oil Composition of the Different Parts and In Vitro Shoot Culture of Eryngium planum L. Molecules 2011, 16, 7115-7124. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules16087115
Thiem B, Kikowska M, Kurowska A, Kalemba D. Essential Oil Composition of the Different Parts and In Vitro Shoot Culture of Eryngium planum L. Molecules. 2011; 16(8):7115-7124. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules16087115
Chicago/Turabian StyleThiem, Barbara, Małgorzata Kikowska, Anna Kurowska, and Danuta Kalemba. 2011. "Essential Oil Composition of the Different Parts and In Vitro Shoot Culture of Eryngium planum L." Molecules 16, no. 8: 7115-7124. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules16087115