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Keywords = vacuum thermal dealloying

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13 pages, 6149 KB  
Article
The Integrated Preparation of Porous Tungsten Gradient Materials with a Wide Porosity Range
by Ke Zhu, Hao Jia, Jin Huang and Jian Zhang
Metals 2024, 14(4), 427; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14040427 - 5 Apr 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2058
Abstract
Porous tungsten gradient materials with ordered gradient variations in pore size have significant application value in the field of vacuum electronic devices. This work combines tape casting and dealloying methods to achieve the integrated preparation of porous tungsten gradient materials with a wide [...] Read more.
Porous tungsten gradient materials with ordered gradient variations in pore size have significant application value in the field of vacuum electronic devices. This work combines tape casting and dealloying methods to achieve the integrated preparation of porous tungsten gradient materials with a wide range of controllable porosity. The study focused on the phase composition and microstructure evolution during the preparation of porous tungsten gradient materials. The results show that the tape casting process allows for the precise and controllable thickness of each layer of the porous tungsten materials and uniform composition structure, while the stepwise dealloying of Fe and Ti enables a wide range of controllable porosity for the porous tungsten gradient materials. PVB, after thermal decomposition, provides a carbon source for the in situ reaction to form W-Fe-C compounds, and the surface diffusion behavior of W-Fe-C compounds at high temperatures improves the stratification of the porous tungsten gradient materials. This work provides a design concept for the integrated preparation of porous metal gradient materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Processes in Metallurgical Technologies)
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16 pages, 2470 KB  
Article
Inhibited Surface Diffusion in Nanoporous Multi-Principal Element Alloy Thin Films Prepared by Vacuum Thermal Dealloying
by Tibra Das Gupta and Thomas John Balk
Metals 2024, 14(3), 289; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14030289 - 29 Feb 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2516
Abstract
Nanoporous structures with 3D interconnected networks are traditionally made by dealloying a binary precursor. Certain approaches for fabricating these materials have been applied to refractory multi-principal element alloys (RMPEAs), which can be suitable candidates for high-temperature applications. In this study, nanoporous refractory multi-principal [...] Read more.
Nanoporous structures with 3D interconnected networks are traditionally made by dealloying a binary precursor. Certain approaches for fabricating these materials have been applied to refractory multi-principal element alloys (RMPEAs), which can be suitable candidates for high-temperature applications. In this study, nanoporous refractory multi-principal element alloys (np-RMPEAs) were fabricated from magnesium-based thin films (VMoNbTaMg) that had been prepared by magnetron sputtering. Vacuum thermal dealloying (VTD), which involves sublimation of a higher vapor pressure element, is a novel technique for synthesizing nanoporous refractory elements that are prone to oxidation. When VMoNbTaMg was heated under vacuum, a nanoporous structure was created by the sublimation of the highest vapor pressure element (Mg). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy depth profiling indicated significantly less ligament oxidation during VTD as compared to traditional dealloying methods. Furthermore, np-RMPEAs exhibited outstanding stability against coarsening, retaining smaller ligaments (~25 nm) at elevated temperature (700 °C) for a prolonged period (48 h). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Nanoporous Metallic Materials (2nd Edition))
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9 pages, 1911 KB  
Communication
Synthesizing Nanoporous Stainless Steel Films via Vacuum Thermal Dealloying
by Xiaotao Liu, Xiaomeng Zhang, Maria Kosmidou, Michael J. Detisch and Thomas John Balk
Metals 2023, 13(7), 1255; https://doi.org/10.3390/met13071255 - 10 Jul 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2434
Abstract
Vacuum thermal dealloying is a recently developed technique and was newly introduced to produce nanoporous metals, due to its intriguing advantages, i.e., preventing oxidation and producing no chemical waste, etc. Here, we report on the fabrication of nanoporous stainless steel films by vacuum [...] Read more.
Vacuum thermal dealloying is a recently developed technique and was newly introduced to produce nanoporous metals, due to its intriguing advantages, i.e., preventing oxidation and producing no chemical waste, etc. Here, we report on the fabrication of nanoporous stainless steel films by vacuum thermal dealloying of sputtered stainless steel–magnesium precursor films. It was found that crack-free nanoporous stainless steel films can be successfully attained under a broad temperature range of 450–600 °C, with a dealloying time of 0.5–2 h. The resulting structure and ligaments were temperature- and time-dependent, and moreover, the condition of “600 °C + 2 h” generated the most homogeneous structure. Moreover, small amounts of residual Mg were found at pore sites in the resultant structures, suggesting that the dealloying was not fully complete. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Metallic Functional Materials)
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8 pages, 5539 KB  
Article
Formation and Properties of Biomedical Ti-Ta Foams Prepared from Nanoprecursors by Thermal Dealloying Process
by Grzegorz Adamek, Mikolaj Kozlowski, Mieczyslawa U. Jurczyk, Przemyslaw Wirstlein, Jakub Zurawski and Jaroslaw Jakubowicz
Materials 2019, 12(17), 2668; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12172668 - 22 Aug 2019
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3034
Abstract
The paper presents a promising method of preparation of titanium-based foams by the thermal dealloying method. The first step of this study was the Ti-Ta-Mg based nanopowder preparation using the mechanical alloying (MA) process performed at room temperature. The next step was forming [...] Read more.
The paper presents a promising method of preparation of titanium-based foams by the thermal dealloying method. The first step of this study was the Ti-Ta-Mg based nanopowder preparation using the mechanical alloying (MA) process performed at room temperature. The next step was forming the green compacts by cold pressing and then sintering with magnesium dealloying from the titanium-based alloy structure. The mechanism of the porous structure formation was based on the removal of magnesium from the titanium alloy at a temperature higher than the boiling point of magnesium (1090 °C). The influence of the Mg content on the formation of the porous Ti-30Ta foam has been investigated. The sintering stage was performed in vacuum. During the dealloying process, the magnesium atoms diffuse from the middle to the surface of the sample and combine to form vapors and then evaporate leaving pores surrounded by the metallic scaffold. The porosity, the mechanical properties as well as biocompatibility have been investigated. The titanium-based foam of high porosity (up to 76%) and the pore size distribution from nano- to micro-scale have been successfully prepared. For the medical applications, the Ti-Ta metallic foams have shown a positive behavior in the MTT test. The as-shown results clearly exhibit a great potential for thermal dealloying in the preparation of porous structures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ti-Based Biomaterials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications)
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