Regions of the ocean near continental slopes are linked to significant vertical velocities caused by advection over a sloping bottom, frictional processes and diffusion. Oceanic motions at submesoscales are also characterized by enhanced vertical vel...
We have investigated the surface and subsurface submesoscale dynamics in the Gulf of Aden and the Gulf of Oman. Our results are based on the analyses of regional numerical simulations performed with a primitive equation model (HYCOM) at submesoscale...
The spatial and seasonal characteristics of submesoscales in the Northwest Pacific Subtropical Ocean are thoroughly investigated here using a submesoscale-permitting model within a localized multiscale energetics framework, in which three scale windo...
Drifters deployed in close proximity collectively provide a unique observational data set with which to separate mesoscale and submesoscale flows. In this paper we provide a principled approach for doing so by fitting observed velocities to a local T...
The temporal and spatial variation in submesoscale eddies in the coastal region of Lianyungang (China) is studied over a period of nearly two years with high-resolution (0.03°, about 3 km) observations of surface currents derived from high-freque...
The outputs from a submesoscale permitting hindcast simulation from 1990 to 2016 are used to investigate the interannual to decadal variations of submesoscale motions. The region we focus on is the subtropical Northwestern Pacific including the subtr...
The study of submesoscale ageostrophic motion is crucial for enhancing our comprehension of ocean dynamics. This paper employs global sea surface velocity reanalysis data and mixed layer depth data to examine the factors influencing submesoscale ageo...
A long-term time series of 319 Sentinel-1 SAR Imagery with Interferometric Wide Swath (IW) mode was used to study the characteristics of submesoscale eddies over Japanese coastal regions from 2015 to 2021, including spatiotemporal eddy properties and...
Submesoscale processes, characterized by strong vertical velocities that generate sea surface temperature (SST) fronts as well as O(1) Rossby number (Ro), are critical to ocean mixing and biogeochemical transport, yet their observation is hampered by...
Earlier studies of spatial variability in sea surface temperature (SST) using ship-based radiometric data suggested that variability at scales smaller than 1 km is significant and affects the perceived uncertainty of satellite-derived SSTs. Here, we...
Oceanic mesoscale eddies continuously regulate the horizontal and vertical transport of mass, heat, salt, carbon, and nutrients throughout the ocean system owing to their ubiquity, three-dimensionality, and long-term persistence. Although satellites...
Much of the vertical transport near the surface of the ocean, which plays a critical role in the transport of dissolved nutrients and gases, is thought to be associated with ageostrophic submesoscale phenomena. Vertical velocities are challenging not...
Tropical cyclone induced phytoplankton productivity is examined using a tropical cyclone version of the Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS®). A four-component Nutrient–Phytoplankton–Detritus biological model...
As in oceans, large-scale coherent circulations such as gyres and eddies are ubiquitous features in large lakes that are subject to the Coriolis force. They play a crucial role in the horizontal and vertical distribution of biological, chemical and p...
Submesoscale dynamics are critical modulators of upper-ocean biogeochemistry, yet their net influence on chlorophyll concentrations across seasonal to interannual timescales, particularly within productive regions like the Benguela Current Large Mari...
Surface currents obtained from the high-frequency surface-wave radars (HFSWRs) installed along the coast of Fujian Province are utilized to characterize submesoscale eddies in the southwestern Taiwan Strait from 29 January to 26 March 2013. The algor...
High- and medium-resolution satellite optical imagery show that submesoscale cyclonic eddies (SCEs) trap coastal waters and induce their rapid cross-shelf transport. Due to the presence of a rigid boundary, the convergence is observed in the coastal...
The consecutive submesoscale sea surface processes observed by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) were used to decompose into spatial waves and current features. For the image decomposition, the Fast and Adaptive Multidimensional Empirical Mode Decompo...
Conventional altimeter satellites, such as TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason series, can identify ocean mesoscale eddies (MEs) but cannot effectively distinguish submesoscale eddies (SMEs) due to horizontal resolution limitations. The emergence of the Surface...
A commercial unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is used for coastal submesoscale current estimation. The measurements were conducted in the Black Sea coastal area with a DJI Mavic quadcopter operated in self-stabilized mode at different look geometry (200...
The aim of this study was to develop methods for determining the most significant contrasts in satellite ocean color data arising in the presence of a submesoscale eddy structure, as well as to determine the corresponding depths of the upper layer of...
The Omani Coastal Current (OCC) flowing northward along the southern coast of Oman during the summer monsoon is associated with an upwelling system. The mesoscale circulation of the western Arabian Sea is dominated by energetic mesoscale eddies down...
Coastal and offshore waters are generally separated by a barrier or “ocean front” on the continental shelf. A basic question arises as to what the representative spatial scale across the front may be. To answer this question, we simply co...
Recent studies demonstrate that energetic sub-mesoscale fronts (10–50 km width) extend in the ocean interior, driving large vertical velocities and associated fluxes. However, diagnosing the dynamics of these deep-reaching fronts from in situ o...
We performed oceanic and atmospheric observations in the region off the Sanriku coast, Japan, from May 11 to 5 July 2022, using a wave-propelled unmanned surface vehicle, a Wave Glider (WG). Despite the severe weather conditions of atmospheric low-pr...
During the winter from 2009 to 2013, the mixed layer reached the seafloor at about 2500 m in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Intense fronts around the deep convection area were repeatedly sampled by autonomous gliders. Subduction down to 200–300...
The chlorophyll-a concentration (CHL) is an essential climate variable. Extremes of CHL events directly reflect the condition of marine ecosystems. Here, we applied the statistical framework for defining marine heatwaves to study the extremes of wint...
With the rapid development of deep learning, the neural network becomes an efficient approach for eddy detection. However, previous work employs a traditional neural network with a focus on improving the detecting accuracy only using limited data und...
Understanding the dispersion of floating objects and ocean properties at the ocean surface is crucial for various applications, including oil spill management, debris tracking and search and rescue operations. While mesoscale turbulence has been reco...
The general topic here is the application of very high-resolution satellite imagery to the study of ocean phenomena having horizontal spatial scales of the order of 1 kilometer, which is the realm of the ocean submesoscale. The focus of the present s...
We present large eddy simulations of a midlatitude open ocean front using a modified state-of-the-art computational fluid dynamics code. We investigate the energy and information fluxes at the submesoscale/small-scale range in the absence of any atmo...
We use high-resolution coupled atmosphere–ocean model simulations over the Gulf Stream extension region during a winter season to examine the upper ocean thermodynamic response to including current feedback to atmospheric wind stress. We demons...
The proposed “Guanlan” ocean science satellite, led by China’s Laoshan Laboratory, includes an interferometric radar altimeter (IRA) as a key payload. As an integral part of its development, an airborne IRA experiment was conducted...
The ocean behaves as a typical multiscale fractal structure, whose dynamic and thermal variabilities extend over a wide range of spatial scales, r, spanning from 10−3 to 107 m. Studying the statistical characteristics of multiscale fractal stru...
The Great Barrier Reef lagoon is a large, relatively shallow area of the Australian continental shelf, isolated from the open ocean by a dense matrix of coral reefs. As the lagoon is generally vertically well mixed by strong tidal currents and wind,...
The automatic detection and analysis of ocean eddies in the marginal ice zone via remote sensing is a very challenging task but of critical importance for scientific applications and anthropogenic activities. Therefore, as one of the first steps towa...
We investigate the dynamics of meso- and submesoscale features of the northern South Brazil Bight shelf region with a 500-m horizontal resolution regional model. We focus on the Cabo Frio upwelling center, where nutrient-rich, coastal waters are tran...
The hourly L2-level chlorophyll-a (CHL-a) concentration spatial energy spectra of GOCI-II from 2021 to 2023 are employed to investigate the characteristics of the CHL-a spatial energy spectrum slopes in three regions of the East China Sea, namely nea...
Atmospheric near-surface stress and boundary layer wind responses to surface currents are examined with high resolution coupled atmosphere–ocean models over the Gulf Stream during winter. Because the ocean and atmosphere are linked through surf...
Symmetric instability (SI) is credited with one of the important submesoscale instabilities. However, due to its small scales, it is challenging to capture using current observational measurements and ocean models. Estimates of SI activity are useful...
Two remote sensing methods, satellite altimetry and 4D-Var assimilation of satellite imagery, are used to compute surface velocity fields in the Black Sea region. Surface currents derived from the two methods are compared for several cases with inten...
This study focuses on typical regions of strong ageostrophic processes in the Kuroshio using high-resolution remote sensing satellite reanalysis data and Argo float data. By analyzing the relationship between the Rossby number and chlorophyll concent...
Ocean color remote sensing has long been utilized as a fundamental research tool in the oceanographic investigations of coupled biological-physical processes. Despite numerous technical advances in the application of space borne ocean-viewing radiome...
Optically-active constituents vary over short time and space scales in coastal waters, and they are impacted by a variety of complex, inter-related forcing processes. As part of the Integrated Coastal Bio-Optical Dynamics (ICoBOD) project, we conduct...
Dynamics of ocean current-induced island wake has been an important issue in global oceanography. Green Island, a small island located off southeast of Taiwan on the Kuroshio path was selected as the study area to more understand the spatial structur...
Current observations of ocean currents are mainly based on altimetric measurements of Sea Surface Heights (SSH), however the characteristics of the present-day constellation of altimeters are only capable to retrieve surface currents at scales larger...
Sustained observations are required to determine the marine plastic debris mass balance and to support effective policy for planning remedial action. However, observations currently remain scarce at the global scale. A satellite remote sensing system...
The Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), one of the most important global intermediate water masses, spreads over the world ocean. Its propagation limit at the Northeast Subtropical Atlantic is characterized by its encounter with the Mediterranean Wa...
Here we investigate properties of ocean eddies in the key Arctic region of the northern Greenland Sea and the Fram Strait using visible and infrared Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Aqua data acquired from April to September in 2...
Balanced motions (BM) and internal gravity waves (IGW) account for most of the kinetic energy budget and capture most of the vertical velocity in the ocean. However, estimating the contribution of BM to both issues at time scales of less than a day i...
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