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Keywords = size-resolved PNC

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19 pages, 7588 KB  
Article
Characterising and Differentiating Non-Exhaust Airborne Nanoparticle Sources in Urban Traffic and Background Environments
by Yingyue Wei, George Biskos and Prashant Kumar
Atmosphere 2026, 17(2), 164; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos17020164 - 2 Feb 2026
Viewed by 1277
Abstract
The contribution of non-exhaust emissions (NEEs) to particle number concentration (PNC) remains insufficiently quantified, particularly across different urban environments. In this study, we address this gap by quantifying the contribution of NEEs to airborne nanoparticles in urban areas. Using positive matrix factorisation (PMF), [...] Read more.
The contribution of non-exhaust emissions (NEEs) to particle number concentration (PNC) remains insufficiently quantified, particularly across different urban environments. In this study, we address this gap by quantifying the contribution of NEEs to airborne nanoparticles in urban areas. Using positive matrix factorisation (PMF), conditional probability function analysis, Pearson correlation, and source identification, we identified five source factors contributing to PNC at two sites in London: a traffic site and a background site. Five source factors were resolved at both sites: Aitken-mode traffic exhaust particles, nucleation-mode exhaust emission, secondary aerosol, non-exhaust emission, and regional background accumulation. Interestingly, the contribution of NEEs differed between the two sites. At the traffic site, NEEs contributed 14.9%, while at the background site, their contribution was higher at 28.5%, likely due to the favourable summer dispersion conditions. However, the contribution of nucleation-mode exhaust emission also showed significant differences: 26.6% at the traffic site and only 9.9% at the background site. Based on these findings, we propose that air quality policies should integrate NEEs into regulations, improve road maintenance, and use PNC-based along with metal tracers to identify and control PNC. This study offers valuable insights for developing strategies to manage urban nanoparticle pollution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Air Quality)
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16 pages, 3678 KB  
Article
An Approach Based on an Increased Bandpass for Enabling the Use of Internal Standards in Single Particle ICP-MS: Application to AuNPs Characterization
by Antonio Bazo, Maite Aramendía, Flávio V. Nakadi and Martín Resano
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(12), 1838; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13121838 - 10 Jun 2023
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3219
Abstract
This paper proposes a novel approach to implement an internal standard (IS) correction in single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SP ICP-MS), as exemplified for the characterization of Au nanoparticles (NPs) in complex matrices. This approach is based on the use of [...] Read more.
This paper proposes a novel approach to implement an internal standard (IS) correction in single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SP ICP-MS), as exemplified for the characterization of Au nanoparticles (NPs) in complex matrices. This approach is based on the use of the mass spectrometer (quadrupole) in bandpass mode, enhancing the sensitivity for the monitoring of AuNPs while also allowing for the detection of PtNPs in the same measurement run, such that they can serve as an internal standard. The performance of the method developed was proved for three different matrices: pure water, a 5 g L−1 NaCl water solution, and another water solution containing 2.5% (m/v) tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH)/0.1% Triton X-100. It was observed that matrix-effects impacted both the sensitivity of the NPs and their transport efficiencies. To circumvent this problem, two methods were used to determine the TE: the particle size method for sizing and the dynamic mass flow method for the determination of the particle number concentration (PNC). This fact, together with the use of the IS, enabled us to attain accurate results in all cases, both for sizing and for the PNC determination. Additionally, the use of the bandpass mode provides additional flexibility for this characterization, as it is possible to easily tune the sensitivity achieved for each NP type to ensure that their distributions are sufficiently resolved. Full article
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