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Keywords = scoulerine

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19 pages, 6123 KiB  
Article
Alkaloids in Tibetan Medicine Corydalis conspersa Maxim. and Their Hepatoprotective Effect Against Acute Liver Injury
by Qiu Wang, Yingrui Jin, Fangyan Fan, Xueting Feng, Xuemei Yin, Xiaoling Wang and Zangjia Geng
Molecules 2025, 30(10), 2127; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30102127 - 11 May 2025
Viewed by 577
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the alkaloids of Tibetan medicine Corydalis conspersa Maxim. and their hepatoprotective effect against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury (ALI). The ethanol extract of this herbal medicine was subjected to a phytochemical [...] Read more.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the alkaloids of Tibetan medicine Corydalis conspersa Maxim. and their hepatoprotective effect against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury (ALI). The ethanol extract of this herbal medicine was subjected to a phytochemical study. Network pharmacology (NP) and molecular docking were used to predict the active constituents and mechanism of action against ALI. Seven alkaloid components were isolated and identified from this herb medicine, including acetylcorynoline (1, ACE), corynoline (2), scoulerine (3), protopine (4), bulbocapnine (5, BBC), palmatine (6), and isocorydine (7, ISO), among which compounds 1, 3, and 5 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Pharmacological experiments have shown that compounds 1, 5, 7, and the total alkaloids (TTA) of the plant exhibit good improvement effects on CCl4-induced ALI in mice. NP and molecular docking predicted that their mechanism of action may be related to targets such as STAT3, SRC, EGFR, PIK3CA, and HSP90AA1. These research findings provide a theoretical basis for the development of the medicinal value of Tibetan medicine Corydalis conspersa Maxim. Full article
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15 pages, 2575 KiB  
Article
Antidepressant- and Anxiolytic-like Effects in Mice of Alkaloids from Aerial Parts of Argemone platyceras Link & Otto
by Mayra Beatriz Gómez-Patiño, Rosa Estrada-Reyes, Héctor Hugo Hernández-Mendoza, Ángela Suarez-Rojas and Daniel Arrieta-Baez
Pharmaceuticals 2025, 18(1), 49; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18010049 - 3 Jan 2025
Viewed by 985
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Argemone platyceras Link & Otto, an endemic plant of Mexico, is widely distributed in the central area of the country, mainly in the states of Tlaxcala, Puebla, and the State of Mexico. Ethnobotanical studies in different communities of these states have [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Argemone platyceras Link & Otto, an endemic plant of Mexico, is widely distributed in the central area of the country, mainly in the states of Tlaxcala, Puebla, and the State of Mexico. Ethnobotanical studies in different communities of these states have demonstrated that it is primarily used to treat diabetes and mental illnesses, such as “los nervios” (nerves) and “el ansia” (anxiety); these terms are used in traditional medicine, but it is accepted that they refer to anxiety disorders. This study aimed to validate the traditional use of aerial parts of A. platyceras Link & Otto in treating these illnesses. Methods: a standardized acidic method to obtain alkaloids was used to obtain an extract (AlkExt), which was tested in adult male Swiss Webster mice in the tail suspension (TST) and forced swimming (FST) tests. Results: AlkExt was analyzed using mass spectrometry techniques (DI-ESI and UHPLC-MS) to detect 2,3′,4,5′-Tetramethoxystilbene (m/z 301.14, 3%), scoulerine (m/z 328.16, 19.8%), tetrahydro-columbamine (m/z 342.17, 28.8%), 8-(hydroxymethyl)-2,10-dimethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline-1,11-diol (m/z 358.17, 22.8%), and glaucine (m/z 356.19, 11.1%); these were assayed in a single oral administration of AlkExt, which caused robust anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects without affecting the spontaneous ambulatory activity of the mice. Conclusions: The easy and standardized AlkExt analyzed in pharmaceuticals assays in this study strongly suggest its therapeutic potential to treat the comorbidity of anxiety and depression disorders and support further investigations in people with these diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neuropharmacology of Plant Extracts and Their Active Compounds)
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12 pages, 1639 KiB  
Article
An Enzymatic Strategy for the Selective Methylation of High-Value-Added Tetrahydroprotoberberine Alkaloids
by Wanli Zhao, Manyu Liu, Kemeng Liu, Hanqing Liu, Xiufeng Liu and Jihua Liu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(20), 15214; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242015214 - 16 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1868
Abstract
Tetrahydroprotoberberines (THPBs) are plant-specific alkaloids with significant medicinal value. They are present in trace amounts in plants and are difficult to chemically synthesize due to stereoselectivity and an unfavorable environment. In this study, a selective methylation strategy was developed for the biocatalysis of [...] Read more.
Tetrahydroprotoberberines (THPBs) are plant-specific alkaloids with significant medicinal value. They are present in trace amounts in plants and are difficult to chemically synthesize due to stereoselectivity and an unfavorable environment. In this study, a selective methylation strategy was developed for the biocatalysis of seven high-value-added THPB compounds using 4’-O-methyltransferase (Cj4’OMT), norcoclaurine 6-O-methyltransferase (Cj6OMT), and (S)-scoulerine 9-O-methyltransferase (SiSOMT and PsSOMT) in engineered E. coli. The methyltransferases Cj4’OMT, Cj6OMT, PsSOMT, and SiSOMT were expressed heterologously in E. coli. Compound 1 (10-methoxy-2,3,9-tetrahydroxyberbine) was synthesized using the recombinant E. coli strain Cj4’OMT and the substrate 2,3,9,10-tetrahydroxyberbine. Compound 2 (9-methoxy-2,3,10-tetrahydroxyberbine) was produced in the recombinant Escherichia coli (E. coli) strain PsSOMT, and compounds 2 and 3 (discretamine) were produced in the recombinant E. coli strain SiSOMT. Compounds 4 (9,10-methoxy-2,3-tetrahydroxyberbine) and 5 (corypalmine) were obtained by co-culturing the recombinant strains Cj4’OMT and SiSOMT with substrate. Compounds 6 (scoulerine) and 7 (isoscoulerine) were produced by co-culturing the substrate with the recombinant strains Cj4’OMT and Cj6OMT. To increase the yield of novel compound 2, the flask culture conditions of the engineered SiSOMT strain were optimized, resulting in the production of 165.74 mg/L of this compound. This study thus presents an enzymatic approach to the synthesis of high-value-added THPBs with minimum environmental wastage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Toxicology)
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23 pages, 8457 KiB  
Article
Computational Prediction and Experimental Validation of the Unique Molecular Mode of Action of Scoulerine
by Mahshad Moshari, Qian Wang, Marek Michalak, Mariusz Klobukowski and Jack Adam Tuszynski
Molecules 2022, 27(13), 3991; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27133991 - 21 Jun 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2261
Abstract
Scoulerine is a natural compound that is known to bind to tubulin and has anti-mitotic properties demonstrated in various cancer cells. Its molecular mode of action has not been precisely known. In this work, we perform computational prediction and experimental validation of the [...] Read more.
Scoulerine is a natural compound that is known to bind to tubulin and has anti-mitotic properties demonstrated in various cancer cells. Its molecular mode of action has not been precisely known. In this work, we perform computational prediction and experimental validation of the mode of action of scoulerine. Based on the existing data in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) and using homology modeling, we create human tubulin structures corresponding to both free tubulin dimers and tubulin in a microtubule. We then perform docking of the optimized structure of scoulerine and find the highest affinity binding sites located in both the free tubulin and in a microtubule. We conclude that binding in the vicinity of the colchicine binding site and near the laulimalide binding site are the most likely locations for scoulerine interacting with tubulin. Thermophoresis assays using scoulerine and tubulin in both free and polymerized form confirm these computational predictions. We conclude that scoulerine exhibits a unique property of a dual mode of action with both microtubule stabilization and tubulin polymerization inhibition, both of which have similar affinity values. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Drug Discovery and Design)
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21 pages, 1725 KiB  
Article
Defined Small Molecules Produced by Himalayan Medicinal Plants Display Immunomodulatory Properties
by Phurpa Wangchuk, Simon H. Apte, Michael J. Smout, Penny L. Groves, Alex Loukas and Denise L. Doolan
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19(11), 3490; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19113490 - 6 Nov 2018
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 6284
Abstract
Plant-derived compounds that modulate the immune responses are emerging as frontline treatment agents for cancer, infectious diseases and autoimmunity. Herein we have isolated 40 phytochemicals from five Bhutanese Sowa Rigpa medicinal plants—Aconitum laciniatum, Ajania nubegina, Corydalis crispa, Corydalis dubia [...] Read more.
Plant-derived compounds that modulate the immune responses are emerging as frontline treatment agents for cancer, infectious diseases and autoimmunity. Herein we have isolated 40 phytochemicals from five Bhutanese Sowa Rigpa medicinal plants—Aconitum laciniatum, Ajania nubegina, Corydalis crispa, Corydalis dubia and Pleurospermum amabile—and tested 14 purified compounds for their immunomodulatory properties using a murine dendritic cell (DC) line, and cytotoxicity against a human cholangiocyte cell line using xCELLigence real time cell monitoring. These compounds were: pseudaconitine, 14-veratryolpseudaconitine, 14-O-acetylneoline, linalool oxide acetate, (E)-spiroether, luteolin, luteolin-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, protopine, ochrobirine, scoulerine, capnoidine, isomyristicin, bergapten, and isoimperatorin. Of the 14 compounds tested here, scoulerine had adjuvant-like properties and strongly upregulated MHC-I gene and protein expression whereas bergapten displayed immunosuppressive properties and strongly down-regulated gene and protein expression of MHC-I and other co-stimulatory molecules. Both scoulerine and bergapten showed low cytotoxicity against normal healthy cells that were consistent with their immunoregulatory properties. These findings highlight the breadth of immunomodulatory properties of defined compounds from Bhutanese medicinal plants and show that some of these compounds exert their mechanisms of action by modulating DC activity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Natural Products for Human Health)
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