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Keywords = school-based suicide prevention

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11 pages, 195 KiB  
Article
Perspectives of School Principals on Mental Health Promotion and Prevention Among School-Aged Children—A 2025 Cross-Sectional Survey in Lodz Administrative Region in Poland
by Aleksandra Lewandowska, Mateusz Jankowski, Mariusz Gujski, Agata Andrzejczyk, Justyna Teliga-Czajkowska and Andrzej Silczuk
Healthcare 2025, 13(13), 1498; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13131498 - 23 Jun 2025
Viewed by 355
Abstract
Background: Mental health issues among youth are a growing public health concern. Schools play a vital role in the early detection and prevention of mental health issues, with principals being central to the implementation of mental health initiatives. This study assessed the attitudes, [...] Read more.
Background: Mental health issues among youth are a growing public health concern. Schools play a vital role in the early detection and prevention of mental health issues, with principals being central to the implementation of mental health initiatives. This study assessed the attitudes, preparedness, and practices of school principals regarding mental health promotion and prevention among school-aged children. Methods: A cross-sectional survey using computer-assisted web interviewing (CAWI) was conducted between March and April 2025. A 19-item questionnaire was sent to all 1564 primary and secondary school principals in the Lodz region. Data from 605 respondents (response rate: 38.7%) were analyzed. Results: A total of 94.9% of the principals reported an increase in student mental health problems over the past five years. Over one-quarter of school principals (26.3%) declared a very good or rather good level of preparation for teachers to work with students diagnosed with a mental disorder. Moreover, 42.3% declared a very good or rather good level of preparation of teachers for conversations with parents about mental health problems observed in their children. Mental health education was conducted in 94.7% of schools, and teacher training in 73.2% of schools. Secondary schools more often offered such training (81.9% vs. 70.7%; p = 0.01) and reported stronger support from specialist teachers (79.7% vs. 67.7%; p = 0.01) than primary schools did. Rural schools rated teacher-parent communication more positively (47.0% vs. 37.7%; p = 0.02) despite fewer training initiatives (68.7% vs. 77.7%; p = 0.01). Suicide response procedures were implemented in 78.5% of schools. Conclusions: The findings confirm a marked rise in student mental health needs and reveal structural disparities in providing school-based support. Enhancing school leadership, expanding teacher training, and ensuring systemic support may facilitate mental health promotion interventions in schools. Full article
11 pages, 1163 KiB  
Article
The Roles of Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms in the Relationship Between School Bullying Victimization and Suicidal Ideation Among South Korean College Students: A Serial Multiple Mediation Model
by Aely Park
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(2), 256; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22020256 - 11 Feb 2025
Viewed by 847
Abstract
This study examined the sequential mediating roles of anxiety and depressive symptoms in the effect of school bullying victimization on suicidal ideation. This study utilized a convenience sample of college students across South Korea, and an online survey was conducted. This quantitative research [...] Read more.
This study examined the sequential mediating roles of anxiety and depressive symptoms in the effect of school bullying victimization on suicidal ideation. This study utilized a convenience sample of college students across South Korea, and an online survey was conducted. This quantitative research analyzed data collected from 1037 participants. The sample consisted of an equal gender distribution, with a mean age of 23.65 years (range: 18–30). Additionally, 30% of participants reported a household income of four million won or less (approximately USD $3076). More than half of the participants’ parents had attained a college education or higher. Also, multiple mediation analyses were conducted to examine whether anxiety and depressive symptoms mediated the relationship between school bullying victimization and suicidal ideation. In the results, multiple mediation analyses showed that school bullying victimization does not have a direct effect on suicidal ideation. On the other hand, school bullying victimization has an indirect effect on suicidal ideation through anxiety and depressive symptoms, controlling for covariates. Based on these research results, implications for school bullying prevention and intervention were discussed. Full article
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15 pages, 1827 KiB  
Article
Preventing Adolescent Suicide: Feasibility and Preliminary Outcome Evaluation of a Theatre-Based Gatekeeper Training for Teachers
by Chiara Davico, Federica Graziano, Alessandra Rossi Ghiglione, Federico Amianto, Tatiana Begotti, Emanuela Calandri, Giorgia Copetto, Francesca Di Franco, Elena Lonardelli, Daniele Marcotulli, Linda Olcuire, Federica Ricci and Benedetto Vitiello
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2024, 21(12), 1631; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21121631 - 7 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1398
Abstract
Improving teachers’ knowledge and skills in dealing with adolescent suicidality may be important for prevention. We evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of a theatre-based gatekeeper teacher training for adolescent suicide prevention (SPES project). Self-reported changes in knowledge and self-efficacy were also investigated. Based [...] Read more.
Improving teachers’ knowledge and skills in dealing with adolescent suicidality may be important for prevention. We evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of a theatre-based gatekeeper teacher training for adolescent suicide prevention (SPES project). Self-reported changes in knowledge and self-efficacy were also investigated. Based on a quasi-experimental repeated measures design, secondary schools were invited to participate in one of two intervention groups (theatre workshop or attending a theatre performance) or a control group (no intervention). Assessments were conducted prior to the intervention, shortly following it and 3 months later. Attendance and retention were indicators of feasibility. Knowledge and self-efficacy were assessed longitudinally using anonymous questionnaires. Data were analyzed using linear mixed models. 191 teachers (84.3% women; Mage = 46.8, SD = 9.8) participated in the study (63 workshop, 66 performance and 62 control group). Attendance was 92% in the workshop group and 94% in the performance group. The retention rate after three months was 51% in the workshop group and 53% in the performance group. Teachers in both groups reported greater knowledge of adolescent suicide (p < 0.001) and higher gatekeeper self-efficacy (p < 0.05) than the control group. The SPES project was found to be feasible and acceptable. Both the workshop and the performance viewing may improve teachers’ knowledge and self-efficacy in recognizing signs of suicide risk in adolescents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Depression and Suicide: Current Perspectives)
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13 pages, 226 KiB  
Article
Comparative Outcomes of Three School-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions for Adolescent Suicide Prevention in Hong Kong
by Yiu Tsang Low and Kit Wai Lee
Healthcare 2024, 12(20), 2056; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12202056 - 16 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1641
Abstract
Background/Objectives: This study assessed the effectiveness of a school-based suicide prevention program in Hong Kong. Methods: 105 secondary school students aged 14–16, identified as having high levels of depression and suicidal ideation. Participants were divided into three intervention groups: one for [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: This study assessed the effectiveness of a school-based suicide prevention program in Hong Kong. Methods: 105 secondary school students aged 14–16, identified as having high levels of depression and suicidal ideation. Participants were divided into three intervention groups: one for adolescents only, another for adolescents with peers, and a third for adolescents with parental involvement. All groups engaged in weekly online exercises. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze the within-group and between-group differences in the levels of adolescents’ suicidal ideation, depression and anxiety. Results: The results indicated a statistically significant reduction in suicidal ideation, depression and anxiety levels after participation in all three groups. No statistically significant between-group differences were identified, meaning the effects of the three interventions on the measured outcomes were similar. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the promise of implementing school-based suicide prevention programs in the Hong Kong context. Full article
16 pages, 572 KiB  
Article
Gender-Based Biopsychosocial Correlates of Truancy in Physical Education: A National Survey among Adolescents in Benin
by Medina Srem-Sai, Edmond Kwesi Agormedah, John Elvis Hagan, Newton Isaac Gbordzoe and Jacob Owusu Sarfo
Soc. Sci. 2024, 13(5), 257; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13050257 - 10 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1898
Abstract
Truancy among in-school adolescents has long been established as a major issue that negatively impacts educational attainment or goals and mental health-related issues. However, research on subjects such as physical education (PE) truancy and its correlates is somewhat limited. This study estimated the [...] Read more.
Truancy among in-school adolescents has long been established as a major issue that negatively impacts educational attainment or goals and mental health-related issues. However, research on subjects such as physical education (PE) truancy and its correlates is somewhat limited. This study estimated the prevalence of PE and assessed the factors associated with PE truancy in Benin among in-school adolescents. The 2016 Benin’s Global School-Based Health Survey (GSHS) data from a sample of in-school adolescents (n = 2496; 13–17 years) were used for data analysis. The overall prevalence of past 30-day truancy in PE class was 15.4%, with female adolescents reporting a higher prevalence of PE truancy than their male counterparts. Stratified by gender, the regression analyses showed that males in 3rd–6th grade (aOR = 0.69, CI = 0.50–0.96) experiencing hunger (aOR = 0.51, CI = 0.32–0.81) and having suicidal ideations (aOR = 1.64, CI = 1.07–2.53) predisposed adolescents to PE truant behaviour. For female in-school adolescents experiencing hunger (aOR = 1.75, CI = 1.15–2.65), drinking alcohol (aOR = 0.62, CI = 0.44–0.87), having sedentary lifestyles (aOR = 0.62, CI = 0.40–0.96), and being physically attacked (aOR = 0.53, CI = 0.33–0.87) were significantly associated with PE truancy. However, understanding and supportive parents [aOR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.41–0.91] was a protective factor against PE truancy. The present findings suggest the design of gender-sensitive school-based interventions to help minimise or prevent PE truancy among in-school adolescents in Benin based on the predisposing factors while emphasising the protective influences. Full article
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18 pages, 2307 KiB  
Article
The Effectivity of a School-Based Early Intervention Targeting Psychological Complaints and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents
by Imke Baetens, Lisa Van Hove, Zahra Azadfar, Martijn Van Heel and Veerle Soyez
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(7), 1852; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13071852 - 23 Mar 2024
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2764
Abstract
Background: Recent research suggests a concerning trend of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal behaviors emerging at younger ages (as early as age 12). Early onset of NSSI is linked to more severe outcomes. While universal school-based prevention programs have shown promise in [...] Read more.
Background: Recent research suggests a concerning trend of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal behaviors emerging at younger ages (as early as age 12). Early onset of NSSI is linked to more severe outcomes. While universal school-based prevention programs have shown promise in addressing suicidal behaviors, there is limited research on their effectiveness in preventing NSSI onset among adolescents. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a universal prevention program in schools for NSSI and mental complaints while enhancing resilience and mental health in 11–14-year-old adolescents. Methods: In total, 329 Flemish secondary school students (55.6% female), aged 11 to 14 years, participated in a 4 h classroom universal prevention, with a focus on emotion regulation, mental health, and specific strategies to prevent NSSI and reduce stigma. For both the intervention and control group (N = 124), a pre-, post-, and one-month follow-up questionnaire was administered, containing reliable and valid measures for NSSI and suicidality, emotion regulation, help-seeking behaviors, well-being, and psychological distress. Results: The prevention program effectively reduced NSSI and psychological distress, particularly for adolescents with a history of NSSI. Conclusions: These findings support previous research on the effectiveness of school-based programs in reducing mental complaints and suggest promising outcomes for NSSI prevention. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Updates on Psychology in Children and Adolescents)
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16 pages, 1364 KiB  
Article
A Community-Engaged Approach to Understanding Suicide in a Small Rural County in Georgia: A Two-Phase Content Analysis of Individual and Focus Group Interviews
by Kimberly Beth Roth, Eleni Gaveras, Fatima Ghiathi, Eric Kendall Shaw, Melanie Shanlin Shoemaker, Nicholas Adam Howard, Meena Dhir, Genesis Rebeca Caiza and Hannah Selene Szlyk
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(24), 7145; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20247145 - 5 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3154
Abstract
Suicide is a significant public health problem, with disproportionate rates in rural areas. Rural communities face substantial structural and cultural barriers to suicide prevention. This study aimed to gain a deeper understanding of the need for suicide prevention and gauge the appropriateness of [...] Read more.
Suicide is a significant public health problem, with disproportionate rates in rural areas. Rural communities face substantial structural and cultural barriers to suicide prevention. This study aimed to gain a deeper understanding of the need for suicide prevention and gauge the appropriateness of prevention efforts in the context of a rural Georgia county by leveraging existing community resources and knowledge. Twenty one-on-one, semi-structured interviews and two focus groups were conducted, with participants recruited via purposive snowball sampling. Data analysis included qualitative deductive and inductive content analysis from individual interviews and focus groups with community stakeholders. The findings highlight how rural contexts exacerbate drivers of death by suicide and how the substantial loss of community members to suicide contributes to the ongoing crisis and reduces available support. Access to mental health care often depended on a connection to an established public system such as schools, a military base, or Veterans Administration. There were perceived gaps in crisis and post-crisis services, with participants actively trying to address these gaps and build community support through coalition building. This study contributes knowledge to contextual drivers of suicide in rural areas beyond individual-level risk factors. Community-engaged suicide prevention research in rural areas is promising, but there is a need to develop interventions to best support coalition building and capacity development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Community Mental Health)
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15 pages, 621 KiB  
Article
Suicidal Behaviour among School-Going Adolescents in Saint Lucia: Analysis of Prevalence and Associated Factors
by Jacob Owusu Sarfo, Mustapha Amoadu, Paul Obeng, Newton Isaac Gbordzoe, Timothy Pritchard Debrah, Crescens Osei Bonsu Ofori and John Elvis Hagan
Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(7), 535; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13070535 - 27 Jun 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2958
Abstract
Suicide poses a debilitating threat to adolescents’ lives worldwide. Although suicide prevention efforts are evident globally, there is limited evidence on the prevalence and correlations of suicidal behaviour among school-going adolescents in Saint Lucia. We used a dataset from the 2018 Global School-based [...] Read more.
Suicide poses a debilitating threat to adolescents’ lives worldwide. Although suicide prevention efforts are evident globally, there is limited evidence on the prevalence and correlations of suicidal behaviour among school-going adolescents in Saint Lucia. We used a dataset from the 2018 Global School-based Student Health Survey to examine the prevalence and associated factors of suicidal behaviour among 1864 students from schools in Saint Lucia. Prevalence rates of 25.5%, 22.1%, and 17.5% were found for suicidal ideation, suicide plan, and suicide attempt, respectively. After adjusting for other factors, being male and having understanding parents were protective against suicidal behaviour. However, suicidal ideation was predicted by being physically attacked and bullied, parental guidance, tobacco use, loneliness, and worry. Moreover, being a victim of physical attacks and bullying, having close friends, being lonely, and worrying were predictive of making suicidal plans among adolescents. Attempting suicide was predicted by cigarette smoking, current use of tobacco and related products, bullying, having close friends, being lonely, and worrying. School-based preventive interventions are required to help address triggers of suicidal behaviour among adolescents in Saint Lucia and to help attain the targets for suicide prevention in the global Sustainable Development Goals. Full article
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10 pages, 298 KiB  
Article
Perspective on the Prevention of Suicide among School Learners by School Management
by Hilda N. Shilubane, Robert A. C. Ruiter, Lunic B. Khoza and Bart H. W. van den Borne
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(10), 5856; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20105856 - 18 May 2023
Viewed by 2211
Abstract
Background: Adolescents in South Africa have higher suicide rates than older people. A suicide or unexpected death of a fellow student can result in increased copycat behavior. Previous studies have placed emphasis on the significance of school involvement in the prevention of suicide. [...] Read more.
Background: Adolescents in South Africa have higher suicide rates than older people. A suicide or unexpected death of a fellow student can result in increased copycat behavior. Previous studies have placed emphasis on the significance of school involvement in the prevention of suicide. The study sought to explore the perspective on the prevention of suicide among school learners by school management. A qualitative phenomenological design was applied. The study used purposive sampling to select six high schools. In-depth interviews were conducted with six focus group discussions comprising fifty school management. A semi-structured interview guide guided the interviews. Data were analyzed using a general inductive approach. Findings revealed that school management should be supported through workshops to increase their skills in handling stressful situations at school. Support for learners through audio-visuals, professional counseling, and awareness campaigns also emerged. Parents–school partnership was said to be effective in preventing suicide among learners as both parties will be free to discuss the problems faced by the learner. In conclusion, empowering school management in the prevention of suicide is critical for Limpopo learners. Awareness campaigns conducted by suicide survivors where they can share their testimonies is necessary. School-based professional counseling services should be established to benefit all learners, particularly those experiencing financial challenges. Pamphlets in local languages should be developed for students to convey information about suicide. Full article
12 pages, 265 KiB  
Article
Association of In-School and Electronic Bullying with Suicidality and Feelings of Hopelessness among Adolescents in the United States
by Tran H. Nguyen, Gulzar Shah, Maham Muzamil, Osaremhen Ikhile, Elizabeth Ayangunna and Ravneet Kaur
Children 2023, 10(4), 755; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10040755 - 21 Apr 2023
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4907
Abstract
Background: Suicide-related behaviors increasingly contribute to behavioral health crises in the United States (U.S.) and worldwide. The problem was worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially for youth and young adults. Existing research suggests suicide-related behaviors are a consequence of bullying, while hopelessness is [...] Read more.
Background: Suicide-related behaviors increasingly contribute to behavioral health crises in the United States (U.S.) and worldwide. The problem was worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially for youth and young adults. Existing research suggests suicide-related behaviors are a consequence of bullying, while hopelessness is a more distal consequence. This study examines the association of in-school and electronic bullying with suicide-related behavior and feelings of despair among adolescents, adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, abuse experience, risk-taking behaviors, and physical appearance/lifestyles. Method: Using Chi-square, logistic regression, and multinomial logistic regression, we analyzed the US 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) national component. The YRBSS includes federal, state, territorial, and freely associated state, tribal government, and local school-based surveys of representative sample middle and high school students in the US. The 2019 YRBSS participants comprised 13,605 students aged 12 to 18 years and roughly equal proportions of males and females (50.63% and 49.37%, respectively). Results: We observed a significant association (p < 0.05) between being bullied and depressive symptoms, and the association was more vital for youth bullied at school and electronically. Being bullied either at school or electronically was associated with suicidality, with a stronger association for youth who experienced being bullied in both settings. Conclusion: Our findings shed light on assessing early signs of depression to prevent the formation of suicidality among bullied youth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Child Abuse and Neglect)
10 pages, 648 KiB  
Article
Suicidal Attempts among Secondary School-Going Adolescents in Kilimanjaro Region, Northern Tanzania
by Jackline Shirima, Lisbeth Mhando, Rehema Mavura, Innocent B. Mboya and James S. Ngocho
Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(4), 288; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13040288 - 28 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3020
Abstract
Suicide attempts among adolescents are common and can lead to death. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with suicide attempts among secondary school-going adolescents in the Kilimanjaro region, northern Tanzania. The study used data from two repeated regional school-based [...] Read more.
Suicide attempts among adolescents are common and can lead to death. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with suicide attempts among secondary school-going adolescents in the Kilimanjaro region, northern Tanzania. The study used data from two repeated regional school-based student health surveys (RSHS), conducted in 2019 (Survey 1) and 2022 (Survey 2). Data were analyzed for secondary school students aged 13 to 17 years from four districts of the Kilimanjaro region. The study included 4188 secondary school-going adolescents: 3182 in Survey 1 and 1006 in Survey 2. The mean age in Survey 1 was 14 years and the median age in Survey 2 was 17 years (p < 0.001). The overall prevalence of suicide attempts was 3.3% (3.0% in Survey 1 and 4.2% in Survey 2). Female adolescents had higher odds of suicide attempts (aOR = 3.0, 95% CI 1.2–5.5), as did those who felt lonely (aOR = 2.0, 95% CI 1.0–3.6), had ever been worried (aOR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.0–3.5), or had ever been bullied (aOR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.2–4.1). Suicidal attempts are prevalent among secondary school-going adolescents in the Kilimanjaro region, northern Tanzania. In-school programs should be established to prevent such attempts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Child and Adolescent Psychiatry)
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13 pages, 727 KiB  
Review
School-Based Nursing Interventions for Preventing Bullying and Reducing Its Incidence on Students: A Scoping Review
by Iyus Yosep, Rohman Hikmat and Ai Mardhiyah
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(2), 1577; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021577 - 15 Jan 2023
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 10816
Abstract
Incidents of bullying have increased on students in schools. This has a negative impact such as mental health problems and risk of suicide. Interventions related to bullying are still focused on being carried out independently. Meanwhile, collaborative interventions between nurses and the school [...] Read more.
Incidents of bullying have increased on students in schools. This has a negative impact such as mental health problems and risk of suicide. Interventions related to bullying are still focused on being carried out independently. Meanwhile, collaborative interventions between nurses and the school are needed to acquire maximum results in preventing and reducing the incidence of bullying. The purpose of this study is to describe school-based nursing interventions in preventing and reducing the incidence of bullying among students at school. This study used scoping review with a search strategy using the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Review process to find the articles. The PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus electronic databases were searched. We found 12 articles from 594 articles in 3 databases which discussed nursing interventions based on school to prevent and reduce incidence of bullying in students. The studies included are design randomized control trials and quasi experiments. The samples with the range of 40–7121 respondents. We classified the school-based nursing interventions being three methods, there are Game programs, physical activity programs, training programs, and peer-group programs. The content of interventions are psychoeducation, empathy training, counseling, and self-management. This study shows that school-based nursing interventions can be an option in preventing and reducing the incidence of bullying among students at school. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bullying: Causes, Consequences, Interventions, and Prevention)
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10 pages, 1152 KiB  
Article
Hopelessness, Suicidality, and Co-Occurring Substance Use among Adolescent Hallucinogen Users—A National Survey Study
by Saral Desai, Vidisha Jain, Sona Xavier and Wei Du
Children 2022, 9(12), 1906; https://doi.org/10.3390/children9121906 - 5 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 13460
Abstract
(1) Objectives: Hallucinogens are being explored as a potential treatment of psychiatric disorders. Micro dosing of illicitly purchased hallucinogen drugs is on the rise despite conclusive benefits. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and odds of hopelessness, suicidality, and co-occurring substance use among [...] Read more.
(1) Objectives: Hallucinogens are being explored as a potential treatment of psychiatric disorders. Micro dosing of illicitly purchased hallucinogen drugs is on the rise despite conclusive benefits. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and odds of hopelessness, suicidality, and co-occurring substance use among adolescent hallucinogen users. (2) Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) 2001–2019 data that nationally represents school-going US adolescents. We identified hallucinogen use based on the survey questions, exploring the use of hallucinogens (LSD, PCP, mescaline, and mushrooms). (3) Results: Out of a total of 125,550 respondents, 8.4% reported using hallucinogens. Overall, the trend of hallucinogen use decreased from 13.3% (2001) to 7.0% (2019) (pTrend < 0.0001). Hallucinogen users were at high odds of feeling sad and hopeless (aOR: 1.40; 95%CI: 1.21–1.61; p < 0.0001), considering suicide (aOR: 1.36; 95%CI: 1.08–1.70; p = 0.009), and planning suicide (aOR: 1.49; 95%CI: 1.19–1.86; p = 0.001). Additionally, adolescent hallucinogen users had a higher prevalence of alcohol, cigarette, e-cigarette, marijuana, synthetic marijuana, inhalants, heroin, cocaine, methamphetamine, and ecstasy use. (4) Conclusions: The overall trend of hallucinogen use decreased among school-going American adolescents. We found a high prevalence of co-occurring substance use among hallucinogen users. We found that hallucinogen users were at high odds of feeling sad, hopeless, and considering and planning suicide. Further research is needed to explore the effects of recreational hallucinogen use among the adolescent population. Full article
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20 pages, 720 KiB  
Concept Paper
An Integrated Conceptual Model to Understand Suicidality among Queer Youth to Inform Suicide Prevention
by Denise Yookong Williams, William J. Hall, Hayden C. Dawes, Cynthia Fraga Rizo and Jeremy T. Goldbach
Societies 2022, 12(6), 170; https://doi.org/10.3390/soc12060170 - 22 Nov 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 7234
Abstract
In this article, we apply and combine elements from four theoretical frameworks (i.e., Minority Stress Theory, Person-in-Environment and Risk and Resilience Framework, Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide, and Intersectionality) to explain the problem of queer youth suicide through our integrated conceptual model, Queer Prevention [...] Read more.
In this article, we apply and combine elements from four theoretical frameworks (i.e., Minority Stress Theory, Person-in-Environment and Risk and Resilience Framework, Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide, and Intersectionality) to explain the problem of queer youth suicide through our integrated conceptual model, Queer Prevention of Youth Suicidality Model (Queer-PRYSM). The need for this conceptual model is based on the current state of the literature, including mixed empirical findings on factors related to queer youth suicidality, no scholarly consensus on specific contributing factors regarding high rates of suicidality among queer youth (including queer youth subgroups), and the absence of a unifying theory to explain the queer youth suicide risk. To address these limitations in theory, evidence, and scholarship explaining suicidality among queer youth we present our integrated model with growing, current, relevant research with queer youth. Queer-PRYSM includes minority stressors specific to queer youth, mental health problems, interpersonal-psychological factors, socioecological factors (i.e., family, school, peers, and community), and intersectionality concepts. Queer-PRYSM is essential to understanding the relationship of distal and proximal risk and protective factors in queer youth suicide and developing evidence-informed suicide preventive interventions that can be incorporated into practice, policy, and system structures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Youth Health and Well-Being: Determinative Effects of Environment)
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9 pages, 568 KiB  
Article
Effect of Increased Depressive Feelings during the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Association between Depressive Mood and Suicidal Behavior: Using the 17th (2021) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (KYRBS)
by Jinsu Yeo, Geunhyoung Park, Joohyun Shin, Kwanghyun Seo and Yeonsoon Ahn
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(22), 14868; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192214868 - 11 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1727
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of increased depressive feelings during the COVID-19 pandemic on the suicidal behavior of Korean high school students using the 17th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (KYRBS). We classified the independent variables into four groups (“no depressive mood [...] Read more.
This study investigated the impact of increased depressive feelings during the COVID-19 pandemic on the suicidal behavior of Korean high school students using the 17th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (KYRBS). We classified the independent variables into four groups (“no depressive mood and no increase in depressive feelings [group A]”, “no depressive mood and increase in depressive feelings [group B]”, “depressive mood and no increase in depressive feelings [group C]”, and “depressive mood and increase in depressive feelings [group D]”). Compared to group A, group D showed an odds ratio of 18.30 in men and 14.87 in women for suicidal behavior after accounting for demographic and health behavioral characteristics. We found that depressive mood and a relatively short-term increase in depressive feelings had a synergistic effect, rather than an additive one, on suicidal behavior. Based on this result, we claim that an appropriate intervention method is necessary to prevent adolescents’ depressive mood from developing into suicidal behavior during the pandemic. Full article
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