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13 pages, 2254 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Soluble Porous Coordination Polymer for Fluorescence Sensing of Explosives and Toxic Anions under Homogeneous Environment

by Jiang Jiang, Zi-Wei Li, Zhao-Feng Wu and Xiao-Ying Huang

Sensors 2023, 23(24), 9719; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23249719 - 9 Dec 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1744

Abstract

In the past decades, porous coordination polymers (PCPs) based fluorescent (FL) sensors have received intense attention due to their promising applications. In this work, a soluble Zn-PCP is presented as a sensitive probe towards explosive molecules, chromate, and dichromate ions. In former reports, PCP sensors were usually ground into fine powders and then dispersed in solvents to form FL emulsion for sensing applications. However, their insoluble characters would cause the sensing accuracy which is prone to interference from environmental effects. While in this work, the as-made PCP could be directly soluble in organic solvents to form a clear solution with bright blue emission, representing the first soluble PCP based fluorescence sensor to probe explosive molecules under a homogeneous environment. Moreover, the FL PCP solution also shows sensitive detection behaviors towards the toxic anions of CrO₄²⁻ and Cr₂O₇²⁻, which exhibit a good linear relationship between the fluorescence intensity of Zn-PCP and the concentrations of both analytes. This work provides a reference for designing task-specific PCP sensors utilized under a homogeneous environment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Chemical Sensors)

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24 pages, 8095 KiB

Open AccessReview

Porous Polymer Materials for CO₂ Capture and Electrocatalytic Reduction

by Hui Wang, Genyuan Wang, Liang Hu, Bingcheng Ge, Xiaoliang Yu and Jiaojiao Deng

Materials 2023, 16(4), 1630; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041630 - 15 Feb 2023

Cited by 16 | Viewed by 5461

Abstract

Efficient capture of CO₂ and its conversion into other high value-added compounds by electrochemical methods is an effective way to reduce excess CO₂ in the atmosphere. Porous polymeric materials hold great promise for selective adsorption and electrocatalytic reduction of CO₂ due to their high specific surface area, tunable porosity, structural diversity, and chemical stability. Here, we review recent research advances in this field, including design of porous organic polymers (POPs), porous coordination polymers (PCPs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and functional nitrogen-containing polymers for capture and electrocatalytic reduction of CO₂. In addition, key issues and prospects for the optimal design of porous polymers for future development are elucidated. This review is expected to shed new light on the development of advanced porous polymer electrocatalysts for efficient CO₂ reduction. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Polymeric Materials: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications)

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13 pages, 6633 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Sn-Based Porous Coordination Polymer Synthesized with Two Ligands for Tandem Catalysis Producing 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural

by Lutong Jiao, Siyu Sun, Xianling Meng and Peijun Ji

Catalysts 2019, 9(9), 739; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal9090739 - 31 Aug 2019

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3382

Abstract

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a biomass-derived important platform compound. Developing an efficient catalyst for producing HMF from a biomass source is important. Herein, using the ligands 5-sulfoisophthalic acid (SPA) and imidazole (Imd), a tin-based porous coordination polymer was synthesized, namely SPA-Imd-TinPCP. This novel material possesses a multifunctional catalysis capability. The coordinated tin (IV) can catalyze the isomerization of glucose to fructose. The ligand imidazole, as an additional base site, can catalyze glucose isomerization. The sulfonic group of the ligand SPA can catalyze the dehydration of fructose to HMF. SPA-Imd-TinPCP was used as a catalyst for the conversion of glucose to HMF. HMF yields of 59.5% in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and 49.8% in the biphasic solvent of water/tetrahydrofuran were obtained. Consecutive use of SPA-Imd-TinPCP demonstrated that, after reusing it five times, there was no significant activity loss in terms of the glucose conversion and HMF yield. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Catalytic Materials)

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12 pages, 1634 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Aerogels of 1D Coordination Polymers: From a Non-Porous Metal-Organic Crystal Structure to a Highly Porous Material

by Adrián Angulo-Ibáñez, Garikoitz Beobide, Oscar Castillo, Antonio Luque, Sonia Pérez-Yáñez and Daniel Vallejo-Sánchez

Polymers 2016, 8(1), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym8010016 - 15 Jan 2016

Cited by 14 | Viewed by 11404

Abstract

The processing of an originally non-porous 1D coordination polymer as monolithic gel, xerogel and aerogel is reported as an alternative method to obtain novel metal-organic porous materials, conceptually different to conventional crystalline porous coordination polymer (PCPs) or metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Although the work herein reported is focused upon a particular kind of coordination polymer ([M(μ-ox)(4-apy)₂]_n, M: Co(II), Ni(II)), the results are of interest in the field of porous materials and of MOFs, as the employed synthetic approach implies that any coordination polymer could be processable as a mesoporous material. The polymerization conditions were fixed to obtain stiff gels at the synthesis stage. Gels were dried at ambient pressure and at supercritical conditions to render well shaped monolithic xerogels and aerogels, respectively. The monolithic shape of the synthesis product is another remarkable result, as it does not require a post-processing or the use of additives or binders. The aerogels of the 1D coordination polymers are featured by exhibiting high pore volumes and diameters ranging in the mesoporous/macroporous regions which endow to these materials the ability to deal with large-sized molecules. The aerogel monoliths present markedly low densities (0.082–0.311 g·cm⁻³), an aspect of interest for applications that persecute light materials. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coordination Polymers: New Materials for Multiple Applications)

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43 pages, 2172 KiB

Open AccessReview

Flexible Two-Dimensional Square-Grid Coordination Polymers: Structures and Functions

by Hiroshi Kajiro, Atsushi Kondo, Katsumi Kaneko and Hirofumi Kanoh

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2010, 11(10), 3803-3845; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms11103803 - 30 Sep 2010

Cited by 116 | Viewed by 16582

Abstract

Coordination polymers (CPs) or metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted considerable attention because of the tunable diversity of structures and functions. A 4,4'-bipyridine molecule, which is a simple, linear, exobidentate, and rigid ligand molecule, can construct two-dimensional (2D) square grid type CPs. Only the 2D-CPs with appropriate metal cations and counter anions exhibit flexibility and adsorb gas with a gate mechanism and these 2D-CPs are called elastic layer-structured metal-organic frameworks (ELMs). Such a unique property can make it possible to overcome the dilemma of strong adsorption and easy desorption, which is one of the ideal properties for practical adsorbents. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal Organic Frameworks)

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