Human activities have substantially altered present-day flow regimes. The Headwater Area of the Yellow River (HAYR, above Huanghe’yan Hydrological Station, with a catchment area of 21,000 km² and an areal extent of alpine permafrost at ~86%) on the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Southwest China has been undergoing extensive changes in streamflow regimes and groundwater dynamics, permafrost degradation, and ecological deterioration under a warming climate. In general, hydrological gauges provide reliable flow records over many decades and these data are extremely valuable for assessment of changing rates and trends of streamflow. In 1998–2003, the damming of the Yellow River by the First Hydropower Station of the HAYR complicated the examination of the relations between hydroclimatic variables and streamflow dynamics. In this study, the monthly streamflow rate of the Yellow River at Huanghe’yan is reconstructed for the period of 1955–2019 using the double mass curve method, and then the streamflow at Huagnhe’yan is forecasted for the next 20 years (2020–2040) using the Elman neural network time-series method. The dam construction (1998–2000) has caused a reduction of annual streamflow by 53.5–68.4%, and a more substantial reduction of 71.8–94.4% in the drier years (2003–2005), in the HAYR. The recent removal of the First Hydropower Station of the HAYR dam (September 2018) has boosted annual streamflow by 123–210% (2018–2019). Post-correction trends of annual maximum (Q_Max) and minimum (Q_Min) streamflow rates and the ratio of the Q_Max/Q_Min of the Yellow River in the HAYR (0.18 and 0.03 m³·s⁻¹·yr⁻¹ and −0.04 yr⁻¹, respectively), in comparison with those of precorrection values (−0.11 and −0.004 m³·s⁻¹·yr⁻¹ and 0.001 yr⁻¹, respectively), have more truthfully revealed a relatively large hydrological impact of degrading permafrost. Based on the Elman neural network model predictions, over the next 20 years, the increasing trend of flow in the HAYR would generally accelerate at a rate of 0.42 m³·s⁻¹·yr⁻¹. Rising rates of spring (0.57 m³·s⁻¹·yr⁻¹) and autumn (0.18 m³·s⁻¹·yr⁻¹) discharge would see the benefits from an earlier snow-melt season and delayed arrival of winter conditions. This suggests a longer growing season, which indicates ameliorating phonology, soil nutrient availability, and hydrothermal environments for vegetation in the HAYR. These trends for hydrological and ecological changes in the HAYR may potentially improve ecological safety and water supplies security in the HAYR and downstream Yellow River basins.

16 Results Found

The Grammaticalization of the Discourse Marker genre in Swiss French

Scope Without Scope Economy in Null Argument Constructions

Perceived Phonological Overlap in Second-Language Categories: The Acquisition of English /r/ and /l/ by Japanese Native Listeners

The Effectiveness of an Integrated Treatment for Functional Speech Sound Disorders—A Randomized Controlled Trial

Cluster Development and the Veiled Rise in Sonority

Rhotic Variation in Brazilian Portuguese

Beyond the Classroom Walls: Study Abroad and the Acquisition of Sociostylistic Variation in L2 French

‘No’ Dimo’ par de Botella’ y Ahora Etamo’ Al Garete’: Exploring the Intersections of Coda /s/, Place, and the Reggaetón Voice

Phonology of Adur Niesu in Liangshan, Sichuan

Apocope in Heritage Italian

The Emergence of Tab in Najdi Arabic

Robustness and Complexity in Italian Mid Vowel Contrasts

Perinatal Mother-to-Child Chikungunya Virus Infection: Screening of Cognitive and Learning Difficulties in a Follow-Up Study of the Chimere Cohort on Reunion Island

Pilates and Cognitive Stimulation in Dual Task an Intervention Protocol to Improve Functional Abilities and Minimize the Rate of Age-Related Cognitive Decline in Postmenopausal Women

Is the Foot a Prosodic Domain in European Portuguese?

Streamflow Changes in the Headwater Area of Yellow River, NE Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during 1955–2040 and Their Implications