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Search Results (3)

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Keywords = opto-mechanical–thermal coupling

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17 pages, 3494 KiB  
Article
Membrane-Mediated Conversion of Near-Infrared Amplitude Modulation into the Self-Mixing Signal of a Terahertz Quantum Cascade Laser
by Paolo Vezio, Andrea Ottomaniello, Leonardo Vicarelli, Mohammed Salih, Lianhe Li, Edmund Linfield, Paul Dean, Virgilio Mattoli, Alessandro Pitanti and Alessandro Tredicucci
Photonics 2025, 12(3), 273; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12030273 - 16 Mar 2025
Viewed by 2730
Abstract
A platform for converting near-infrared (NIR) laser power modulation into the self-mixing (SM) signal of a quantum cascade laser (QCL) operating at terahertz (THz) frequencies is introduced. This approach is based on laser feedback interferometry (LFI) with a THz QCL using a metal-coated [...] Read more.
A platform for converting near-infrared (NIR) laser power modulation into the self-mixing (SM) signal of a quantum cascade laser (QCL) operating at terahertz (THz) frequencies is introduced. This approach is based on laser feedback interferometry (LFI) with a THz QCL using a metal-coated silicon nitride trampoline membrane resonator as both the external QCL laser cavity and the mechanical coupling element of the two-laser hybrid system. We show that the membrane response can be controlled with high precision and stability both in its dynamic (i.e., piezo-electrically actuated) and static state via photothermally induced NIR laser excitation. The responsivity to nanometric external cavity variations and robustness to optical feedback of the QCL LFI apparatus allows a highly sensitive and reliable transfer of the NIR power modulation into the QCL SM voltage, with a bandwidth limited by the thermal response time of the membrane resonator. Interestingly, a dual information conversion is possible thanks to the accurate thermal tuning of the membrane resonance frequency shift and displacement. Overall, the proposed apparatus can be exploited for the precise opto-mechanical control of QCL operation with advanced applications in LFI imaging and spectroscopy and in coherent optical communication. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Three-Decade Journey of Quantum Cascade Lasers)
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20 pages, 9636 KiB  
Article
Optimization of Ultra Lightweight Mirror and Opto-Mechanical–Thermal Coupling Analysis Based on Solar Thermal Radiation
by Quanliang Dong, Jinhe Yang, Tong Zhang and Xiaoming Wang
Sensors 2025, 25(2), 483; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25020483 - 16 Jan 2025
Viewed by 946
Abstract
To improve maneuverability, the focus of photoelectric theodolites is on reducing the weight of the primary mirror and enhancing its optical performance. This study uses MOAT and Sobol methods to identify key parameters that affect design. Using the high-sensitivity part as the optimization [...] Read more.
To improve maneuverability, the focus of photoelectric theodolites is on reducing the weight of the primary mirror and enhancing its optical performance. This study uses MOAT and Sobol methods to identify key parameters that affect design. Using the high-sensitivity part as the optimization domain, six optimization results were obtained based on the multi-objective SIMP topology optimization method and synthesized into a compromise optimization structure. The performance of the mirror before and after optimization was compared on the opto-mechanical–thermal level. Modal analysis shows the optimized structure has a first natural frequency of 716.84 Hz, indicating excellent stiffness and avoiding low-frequency resonance, with a 30.37% weight reduction. Optical performance is also improved, with a 6 μm reduction in the spot diagram radius and an 8.95 nm decrease in RMS. Simulations under real-world conditions show that the lightweight mirror performs better in resisting gravity deformation and maintaining imaging quality. At maximum thermal deformation, the spot diagram radius of the optimized mirror is 1521.819 μm, with only a 0.145% difference in imaging quality compared to the original. In conclusion, the optimized structure shows comprehensive advantages. Constructing the optical system components and the real physical environment of the site provides a valuable reference for the optimization and analysis of the mirror. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Optical Sensors)
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11 pages, 12209 KiB  
Article
The Opto-Mechanical–Thermal Coupling Analysis and Verification of an All-Aluminum Freeform Imaging Telescope
by Rong Gao, Jinpeng Li, Peng Wang, Jiadong Yu, Yongjun Xie and Xianglong Mao
Symmetry 2022, 14(11), 2391; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14112391 - 11 Nov 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2218
Abstract
A freeform imaging telescope (FIT) can achieve a large field of view, high resolution, light weight, and small volume at the same time. Single-point diamond turning (SPDT) is usually used to fabricate FITs, which is made entirely of aluminum alloy. Compared with a [...] Read more.
A freeform imaging telescope (FIT) can achieve a large field of view, high resolution, light weight, and small volume at the same time. Single-point diamond turning (SPDT) is usually used to fabricate FITs, which is made entirely of aluminum alloy. Compared with a traditional telescope, whose reflector is made of glass and whose structure is aluminum, the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the structure and reflector of which is non-conforming, the CTE of the structure and reflector in an all-aluminum FIT is identical. Therefore, it was expected to theoretically have athermalization properties. In this paper, an all-aluminum off-axis three-mirror FIT was verified. The opto-mechanical–thermal coupling analysis of the FIT at −20 °C was carried out, including data processing and coordinate transformation. The reflector node deformation data of the global coordinates obtained from the finite-element analysis were converted into XY polynomial coefficients of the local coordinate system in ZEMAX. The results showed that the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the FIT at −20 °C~+40 °C still reached the diffraction limit. Moreover, the MTF of the FIT at −20 °C was 0.291 through a thermal environmental test, which was almost the same as the MTF at 22 °C. These results showed that the all-aluminum FIT could achieve athermalization properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Optical Technology and Symmetry)
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