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Keywords = normal Casimir force measurements

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18 pages, 1348 KB  
Article
Adhesion Energy for Nonideal Cantilever and Its Relation to Casimir–Lifshitz Forces
by Ivan A. Soldatenkov and Vitaly B. Svetovoy
Physics 2024, 6(4), 1204-1221; https://doi.org/10.3390/physics6040074 - 23 Oct 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1795
Abstract
The method of the adhered cantilever, borrowed from microtechnology, can help in gaining fundamental knowledge about dispersion forces acting at distances of about 10 nm, which are problematic to access in the usual Casimir-type experiments. A recently presented setup measures the shape of [...] Read more.
The method of the adhered cantilever, borrowed from microtechnology, can help in gaining fundamental knowledge about dispersion forces acting at distances of about 10 nm, which are problematic to access in the usual Casimir-type experiments. A recently presented setup measures the shape of cantilevers with high precision, which is needed for analyzing the involved forces. The first measurements reveal several nonidealities crucial for the data analysis. In this paper, a generalized formula is deduced that relates the parameters of a cantilever to the adhesion energy. The application of the formula is demonstrated using the first test result from the setup, where a silicon cantilever adhered to a substrate sputters with ruthenium. Detailed information of the roughness of interacting surfaces, which deviates significantly from the normal distribution, is emphasized. Although not crucial, the electrostatic contribution can be significant due to the slight twisting of the cantilever. The theoretical prediction of the adhesion energy is based on Lifshitz theory. Comparing theory and experiment yields a contact distance of 45 nm and an adhesion energy of 1.3 µJ/m2, resulting from the Casimir–Lifshitz forces. Significant uncertainties arise from the uncontrolled electrostatic contribution. Factors that need to be addressed to measure weak adhesion between rough surfaces are highlighted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Classical Physics)
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14 pages, 3805 KB  
Review
A Brief Review of Some Recent Precision Casimir Force Measurements
by Madhav Dhital and Umar Mohideen
Physics 2024, 6(2), 891-904; https://doi.org/10.3390/physics6020055 - 13 Jun 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 6486
Abstract
Here, we review recent advances in precision Casimir force measurements with both non-magnetic and magnetic materials. In addition, the measurement of the geometric dependence of the Casimir force, both lateral and normal, using uniformly corrugated surfaces is briefly presented. Finally, the measurement of [...] Read more.
Here, we review recent advances in precision Casimir force measurements with both non-magnetic and magnetic materials. In addition, the measurement of the geometric dependence of the Casimir force, both lateral and normal, using uniformly corrugated surfaces is briefly presented. Finally, the measurement of the thermal Casimir force in graphene is discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 75 Years of the Casimir Effect: Advances and Prospects)
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13 pages, 870 KB  
Article
How to Strengthen Constraints on Non-Newtonian Gravity from Measuring the Lateral Casimir Force
by Galina L. Klimchitskaya and Vladimir M. Mostepanenko
Universe 2023, 9(1), 34; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe9010034 - 3 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1908
Abstract
It has been known that in the nanometer interaction range the available experimental data do not exclude the Yukawa-type corrections to Newton’s gravitational law, which exceed the Newtonian gravitational force by many orders of magnitude. The strongest constraints on the parameters of Yukawa-type [...] Read more.
It has been known that in the nanometer interaction range the available experimental data do not exclude the Yukawa-type corrections to Newton’s gravitational law, which exceed the Newtonian gravitational force by many orders of magnitude. The strongest constraints on the parameters of Yukawa-type interaction in this interaction range follow from the experiments on neutron scattering and from measurements of the lateral and normal Casimir forces between corrugated surfaces. In this work, we demonstrate that by optimizing the experimental configuration at the expense of the higher corrugation amplitudes and smaller periods of corrugations it is possible to considerably strengthen the currently available constraints within the wide interaction range from 4.5 to 37 nm. We show that the maximum strengthening by more than a factor of 40 is reachable for the interaction range of 19 nm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Cosmology and Subatomic Particle Physics)
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8 pages, 540 KB  
Communication
Role of Electronic Relaxation Rates in the Casimir Force between High-Tc Superconductors
by Shunashi G. Castillo-López, Carlos Villarreal, Giuseppe Pirruccio and Raúl Esquivel-Sirvent
Universe 2021, 7(3), 69; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe7030069 - 13 Mar 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2624
Abstract
We revisit the problem of the Casimir force between high-Tc superconductors below and above the critical temperature for the superconducting transition. Ceramic superconductors exhibit a different temperature dependence of the reflectivity when switching from the normal to the superconducting state. We [...] Read more.
We revisit the problem of the Casimir force between high-Tc superconductors below and above the critical temperature for the superconducting transition. Ceramic superconductors exhibit a different temperature dependence of the reflectivity when switching from the normal to the superconducting state. We leverage this unique characteristic with respect to ordinary metals to claim that these kind of materials can prove useful as an alternative system where the long-standing discussion on the role of electronic relaxation can be addressed. Furthermore, we show that the two main damping mechanisms associated with free and mid-infrared electrons dominate at very distinct scales, meaning that they can be considered separately when the Casimir force is measured as a function of slab distance. This facilitates the experimental identification of the role of the two electronic relaxation contributions to the force. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Casimir Effect: From a Laboratory Table to the Universe)
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