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Search Results (4)

Search Parameters:
Keywords = nonhomogeneous catchments

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24 pages, 4963 KiB  
Article
Assessing the Impact of Deforestation on Decadal Runoff Estimates in Non-Homogeneous Catchments of Peninsula Malaysia
by Jen Feng Khor, Steven Lim, Vania Lois Ling and Lloyd Ling
Water 2023, 15(6), 1162; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15061162 - 17 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 4463
Abstract
This study calibrated the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) model to predict decadal runoff in Peninsula Malaysia and found a correlation between the reduction of forest area, urbanization, and an increase in runoff volume. The conventional SCS-CN runoff model was found to [...] Read more.
This study calibrated the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) model to predict decadal runoff in Peninsula Malaysia and found a correlation between the reduction of forest area, urbanization, and an increase in runoff volume. The conventional SCS-CN runoff model was found to commit a type II error in this study and must be pre-justified with statistics and calibrated before being adopted for any runoff prediction. Between 1970 and 2000, deforestation in Peninsula Malaysia caused a decline in forested land by 25.5%, resulting in a substantial rise in excess runoff by 10.2%. The inter-decadal mean runoff differences were more pronounced in forested and rural catchments (lower CN classes) compared to urban areas. The study also found that the CN value is a sensitive parameter, and changing it by ±10% can significantly impact the average runoff estimate by 40%. Therefore, SCS practitioners are advised not to adjust the CN value for better runoff modeling results. Additionally, NASA’s Giovanni system was used to generate 20 years of monthly rainfall data from 2001–2020 for trend analysis and short-term rainfall forecasting. However, there was no significant uptrend in rainfall within the period studied, and occurrences of flood and landslide incidents were likely attributed to land-use changes in Peninsula Malaysia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling Hydrologic Response of Non-homogeneous Catchments II)
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26 pages, 4813 KiB  
Article
Distributed-Framework Basin Modeling System: II. Hydrologic Modeling System
by Gang Chen, Wenjuan Hua, Xing Fang, Chuanhai Wang and Xiaoning Li
Water 2021, 13(5), 744; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13050744 - 9 Mar 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4045
Abstract
A distributed-framework hydrologic modeling system (DF-HMS) is a primary and significant component of a distributed-framework basin modeling system (DFBMS), which simulates the hydrological processes and responses after rainfall at the basin scale, especially for non-homogenous basins. The DFBMS consists of 11 hydrological feature [...] Read more.
A distributed-framework hydrologic modeling system (DF-HMS) is a primary and significant component of a distributed-framework basin modeling system (DFBMS), which simulates the hydrological processes and responses after rainfall at the basin scale, especially for non-homogenous basins. The DFBMS consists of 11 hydrological feature units (HFUs) involving vertical and horizontal geographic areas in a basin. Appropriate hydrologic or hydraulic methods are adopted for different HFUs to simulate corresponding hydrological processes. The digital basin generation model is first developed to determine the essential information for hydrologic and hydraulic simulation. This paper mainly describes two significant HFUs contained in the DF-HMS for hydrologic modeling: Hilly sub-watershed and plain overland flow HFUs. A typical hilly area application case study in the Three Gorges area is introduced, which demonstrates DF-HMS’s good performance in comparison with the observed streamflow at catchment outlets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling Hydrologic Response of Non­-homogeneous Catchments)
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13 pages, 2609 KiB  
Article
Effects of Nonhomogeneous Soil Characteristics on the Hydrologic Response: A Case Study
by JiHyeong Hwang, HyungKeun Lee and Khil Lee
Water 2020, 12(9), 2416; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12092416 - 28 Aug 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2140
Abstract
This study examined how different nonhomogeneous soil characteristics affected hydrologic responses in rainfall-runoff models. The cell-based FLO-2D and lumped Hydrologic Engineering Center Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) were setup. Then, water loss parameters of both the Green-Ampt infiltration approach and curve number method were [...] Read more.
This study examined how different nonhomogeneous soil characteristics affected hydrologic responses in rainfall-runoff models. The cell-based FLO-2D and lumped Hydrologic Engineering Center Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) were setup. Then, water loss parameters of both the Green-Ampt infiltration approach and curve number method were prescribed and applied in three different ways: (i) a separate value for each cell (mosaic; (ii) a representative as a most frequent occurring value for a large area (predominant); (iii) and a representative as an arithmetic mean value for a watershed (arithmetic mean). The spatial variability of nonhomogeneous catchment parameters was disregarded in lumped models, while each cell had distinct surface parameters in the distributed models. This study shows that the hydrologic response was meaningfully different in different representations. For the study site, the mosaic method was recommended for distributed models, and arithmetic mean was recommended for lumped models. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling Hydrologic Response of Non­-homogeneous Catchments)
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13 pages, 6433 KiB  
Article
Rainfall-Runoff Modeling of the Nested Non-Homogeneous Sava River Sub-Catchments in Slovenia
by Katarina Lavtar, Nejc Bezak and Mojca Šraj
Water 2020, 12(1), 128; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12010128 - 31 Dec 2019
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 5550
Abstract
Rainfall-runoff modeling is nowadays applied for water resources management, water system design, real-time forecasting, flood design and can be carried out by using different types of hydrological models. In this study, we focused on lumped conceptual hydrological models and their performance in diverse [...] Read more.
Rainfall-runoff modeling is nowadays applied for water resources management, water system design, real-time forecasting, flood design and can be carried out by using different types of hydrological models. In this study, we focused on lumped conceptual hydrological models and their performance in diverse sub-catchments of the Sava River in Slovenia, related to their size and non-homogeneity. We evaluated the difference between modeled and measured discharges of selected discharge gauging stations, using different model performance criteria that are usually applied in hydrology, connecting the results to geospatial analysis of geological and hydrogeological characteristics, land use, runoff potential, proportion of agglomeration and various meteorological variables. Better model performance was obtained for catchments with a higher runoff potential and with less variations in meteorological variables. Regarding the number of used parameters, the results indicated that the tested Genie Rural 6-parameter Journalier (GR6J) model with 6 parameters performed better than the Genie Rural 4-parameter Journalier (GR4J) model with 4 parameters, especially in the case of larger sub-catchments. These results illustrate the comprehensive nature of lumped models. Thus, they yield good performance in case of the catchments with indistinguishable characteristics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling Hydrologic Response of Non­-homogeneous Catchments)
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