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Keywords = non-premixed propane combustion

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19 pages, 6322 KiB  
Article
Analysis of NO Formation and Entropy Generation in a Reactive Flow
by Milad Mohammadi and Mohammad Sadegh Abedinejad
Aerospace 2022, 9(11), 666; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace9110666 - 28 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2050
Abstract
A comprehensive investigation of turbulent combustion is accomplished to study the relationship between nitrogen oxide (NO) formation and entropy generation distribution in a non-premixed propane combustion. The radiation heat transfer and combustion are simulated, employing the discrete ordinates model and laminar flamelet model, [...] Read more.
A comprehensive investigation of turbulent combustion is accomplished to study the relationship between nitrogen oxide (NO) formation and entropy generation distribution in a non-premixed propane combustion. The radiation heat transfer and combustion are simulated, employing the discrete ordinates model and laminar flamelet model, respectively. A post processing model is employed to estimate the NO formation rate. The present results of NO species formation, mean temperature and velocity are compared with the existing experimental data, and good agreements are obtained. It is shown that the main region of total entropy generation rate and NO formation rate is at the same axial position. The entropy generation distribution may be defined as an index by which the combustion region and main region of NO formation are predicted. However, total entropy generation rate is more sensitive to high temperature (1500–1930 K) than that of NO formation rate. With an increase of 28.7% in temperature, the entropy generation and NO formation rates rise by 900% and 127%, respectively. The occurrence of chemical reactions plays the major role in the generation of entropy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Aeronautics)
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12 pages, 3189 KiB  
Article
Four-Line C2*/CH* Optical Sensor for Chemiluminescence Based Imaging of Flame Stoichiometry
by Michael E. Tonarely, Tommy Genova, Anthony J. Morales, Daniel Micka, Darin Knaus and Kareem A. Ahmed
Sensors 2022, 22(15), 5665; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155665 - 28 Jul 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2508
Abstract
In the present work, an optical sensor was developed and calibrated for the purpose of non-intrusive equivalence ratio measurements in combustion systems. The sensor incorporates a unique four-line, single-sensor chemiluminescence imaging-based approach, which relies on the ratio of C2* and CH* [...] Read more.
In the present work, an optical sensor was developed and calibrated for the purpose of non-intrusive equivalence ratio measurements in combustion systems. The sensor incorporates a unique four-line, single-sensor chemiluminescence imaging-based approach, which relies on the ratio of C2* and CH* radical-species intensities to obtain measurements of equivalence ratios. The advantage of the four-line sensor is the use of additional filtering to mitigate broadband luminescence signals, and its improvements over conventional two-line chemiluminescence diagnostics are discussed. The sensor was calibrated using a premixed bluff-body jet burner with a propane–air flame operating over a wide range of equivalence ratios. The results showed that the four-line processing technique improved the signal-to-noise ratio of the chemiluminescence images for all test cases. Calibrations of C2*/CH* intensity ratio to equivalence ratio were developed for both the four-line and two-line techniques. The calibrations were then used to create maps of local equivalence ratios in the flame-holding region. The maps revealed a non-uniform field of equivalence ratios due to the nature of the radical-species intensity profiles within the flame. Therefore, special consideration is required for calibration in order to accurately quantify equivalence ratios and apply these to diffusion flames. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Optical Sensors)
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