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Keywords = neurolaryngology

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22 pages, 12274 KB  
Article
Morphological Evidence for a Unique Neuromuscular Functional Unit of the Human Vocalis Muscle
by Rareș-Vasile Tracicaru, Lars Bräuer, Michael Döllinger, Martin Schicht, Bernhard Tillmann, Delia Hînganu, Liliana Hristian, Marius Valeriu Hînganu and Friedrich Paulsen
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(22), 11916; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252211916 - 6 Nov 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3531
Abstract
Human vocalization is a complex process that is still only partially understood. Previous studies have suggested the possibility of a localized neuromuscular network of the larynx. Here we investigate this structure in human dissection specimens using multiple immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). [...] Read more.
Human vocalization is a complex process that is still only partially understood. Previous studies have suggested the possibility of a localized neuromuscular network of the larynx. Here we investigate this structure in human dissection specimens using multiple immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In the area of the pars interna of the thyroarytenoid muscle, muscle fibers are present that are clearly differentiated from skeletal or cardiac muscle cells and show an intermediate ultrastructure. In addition, intramuscular neurons are present that are detectable by both electron and fluorescence microscopy and may have a sensory function in a local neuronal network. Also, several types of sensory and motor synapses are detectable and distributed throughout the pars interna of the thyroarytenoid muscle, with multisynaptic muscle fibers being a common feature. These findings suggest the existence of a previously unrecognized type of muscle fiber coupled to an intramuscular neuronal network, the presence of which could explain functional peculiarities at the laryngeal level. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Biology)
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11 pages, 1487 KB  
Article
Laryngeal Electromyography in the Therapeutic Process of Patients with Vocal Fold Immobility or Dysmobility
by Paulina Krasnodębska, Agata Szkiełkowska, Ludmiła Czarkwiani-Woźniakowska, Beata Miaśkiewicz, Anna Sinkiewicz and Henryk Skarżyński
Life 2022, 12(3), 390; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12030390 - 8 Mar 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4708
Abstract
(1) Background: Laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) plays a key role in classifying the severity of nerve damage and determining the prognosis of the nerve recovery. LEMG is primarily a qualitative study, without a standardized approach to interpretation. The development of qualitative and quantitative analysis [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) plays a key role in classifying the severity of nerve damage and determining the prognosis of the nerve recovery. LEMG is primarily a qualitative study, without a standardized approach to interpretation. The development of qualitative and quantitative analysis would situate LEMG in the gold standard of modern neurolaryngologic diagnostics. The aim of this study was to quantitatively evaluate laryngeal electromyography recorded in patients with vocal fold immobility or dysmobility. (2) Methods: The electromyographic material comprised 84 thyroarytenoid muscles recordings of 42 patients. (3) Results: In our study, we observed significant differences between EMG characteristics of healthy and paralyzed VF. Our study showed that recording laryngeal muscle activity during successive phases of breathing provides additional valuable information. We noticed that the frequency and amplitude of motor unit potentials correlates with the return of vocal fold functionality. (4) Conclusions: Laryngeal EMG guides the clinician on the best course of treatment for the patient. It is therefore important to develop an effective methodology and consensus on the quantitative interpretation of the record. Amplitude and frequency parameters are valuable in predicting neural recovery and in the return of vocal fold mobility. Full article
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16 pages, 1418 KB  
Review
Chemodenervation of the Larynx
by Rachel Kaye and Andrew Blitzer
Toxins 2017, 9(11), 356; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins9110356 - 2 Nov 2017
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 16435
Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) has existed for thousands of years; however, it was not medically utilized until investigations into its therapeutic use began in sincerity during the late 1970s and 1980s. This, coupled with the reclassification of spasmodic dysphonia as a focal dystonia, led [...] Read more.
Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) has existed for thousands of years; however, it was not medically utilized until investigations into its therapeutic use began in sincerity during the late 1970s and 1980s. This, coupled with the reclassification of spasmodic dysphonia as a focal dystonia, led to the use of chemodenervation for this disorder, which has since become a refined technique. Indeed, due to its safety and efficacy, BoNT has been investigated in multiple neurolaryngology disorders, including spasmodic dysphonia, vocal tremor, and muscle tension dysphonia. BoNT has been shown to be a useful and safe adjunct in the treatment for these disorders and may reduce or eliminate oral pharmacotherapy and/or prevent the need for a surgical intervention. We present the historical background, development, proposed mechanisms of action, uses, and techniques for administering BoNT for laryngeal disorders, with a particular focus on spasmodic dysphonia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Muscle Selection for BoNT)
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